Mantra 1
Sukta 110
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
शत्रुनाशनम्। अग्न इन्द्रश्च दाशुषे हतो वृत्राण्यप्रति। उभा हि वृत्रहन्तमा
IAST Transliteration
agní índraś ca dāśúṣe ható vṛtrā́ṇy apratí | ubhā́ hí vṛtrahántamā ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Agni and Indra, for the pious giver, have smitten the obstructions, irresistibly; for both are, in truth, the most puissant slayers of Vṛtra.
Word by Word
शत्रुनाशनम्(a charm/act) for destroying enemies
शत्रुनाशनम्:
Karma (as an appositional object/heading: ‘enemy-destruction’)
TypeNoun (compound)
Rootशत्रु-नाशन (प्रातिपदिक; नाशन < √नश्/नाश् ‘नाशयति’)
अग्निःAgni
अग्निः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रःIndra
इन्द्रः:
Kartā (co-agent with अग्निः)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
चand
च:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (निपात)
दाशुषेto/for the worshipper (the giver of offerings)
दाशुषे:
Sampradāna
TypeNoun (agent noun used substantively)
Rootदाशु (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; परिपूर्ण/परिपक्व दानकर्ता; from √दाश्/√दाश ‘to give, worship, offer’)
हतःslain
हतः:
—
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootहन् (कृदन्त: भूतकृदन्त/क्त; हत)
वृत्राणिVṛtras / obstructing foes
वृत्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अप्रतिirresistibly; without opposition
अप्रति:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअ-प्रति (निपात/अव्यय; neg. prefix + प्रति)
उभाboth
उभा:
Kartā (dual subject: Agni and Indra)
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootउभ (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक ‘both’)
हिindeed, for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (निपात)
वृत्रहन्तमाthe two most excellent Vṛtra-slayers
वृत्रहन्तमा:
Kartā (predicate adjective of उभा)
TypeAdjective (superlative, dual agreement)
Rootवृत्रहन्-तम (प्रातिपदिक; वृत्रहन् ‘Vṛtra-slayer’ + तमप् superlative)
Attribution
Rishi: To be confirmed from AVŚ anukramaṇī (Agni–Indra hymn-type).
Devata: Agni–Indra
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (likely; short pāda structure).
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Invocation of power → assertion of irresistible victory → stabilized courage.","listener_experience":"Uplifted bravery, readiness to act, sense of being backed by strong allies.","intensity":7}