Mantra 5
Sukta 34
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यो अस्य पारे रजसः शुक्रो अग्निरजायत । स नः पर्षदति द्विषः
IAST Transliteration
yó asyá pāré rájasaḥ śukró agnír ajā́yata | sá naḥ párṣad áti dvíṣaḥ ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
He who, bright Agni, was born beyond this rajas’ farther verge—may he convey us safely over, beyond our haters.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā (सम्बन्ध-कर्तृ, यः = सः)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अस्यof this (of him/this)
अस्य:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्धः)
TypePronoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पारेon the farther side
पारे:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरणम्: ‘on/at the far side’)
TypeNoun
Rootपार (प्रातिपदिक; ‘पार’ = परः पारः) / ‘पार’ इति नाम
रजसःof the rajas (space/region; dust)
रजसः:
Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (सम्बन्धः: ‘of the rajas/space/dust’)
TypeNoun
Rootरजस् (प्रातिपदिक)
शुक्रःbright, shining
शुक्रः:
Kartā-viśeṣaṇa (कर्तृविशेषणम्)
TypeAdjective
Rootशुक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
अग्निःAgni (fire)
अग्निः:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootअग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
अजायतwas born, arose
अजायत:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√जन् (जनि/जनँ प्रादुर्भावे)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā (कर्ता)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नःfor us / of us
नः:
Sampradāna (सम्प्रदानम्: ‘for us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पर्षत्may he carry across / deliver
पर्षत्:
— (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√पॄ/पृ (पॄ पूरणे/पृ पालन-तरणयोः; वैदिके ‘पर्षति’ = ‘पारयति/तारयति’)
अतिacross, beyond
अति:
Upasarga/क्रियाविशेषण (गत्यर्थ-प्रवर्धक)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
द्विषःenemies, haters
द्विषः:
Karma (कर्म: ‘enemies’ as object of crossing/overcoming)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विष् (प्रातिपदिक; ‘द्विष्’ = शत्रु) / √द्विष् (द्वेषे) से निष्पन्न
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (Agni-hymn; specific r̥ṣi attribution varies in ancillary lists)
Devata: Agni (as transcendent, obstacle-crossing protector)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; pāda structure consistent with AV anuṣṭubh usage)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"shanta","emotional_arc":"From awe at transcendent origin to confident crossing beyond foes.","listener_experience":"Courage with composure; sense of being escorted by light.","intensity":6}