Mantra 1

Sukta 125

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

वीरस्य रथः। वनस्पते वीड्वऽङ्गो हि भूया अस्मत्सखा प्रतरणः सुवीरः । गोभिः संनद्धो असि वीडयस्वास्थाता ते जयतु जेत्वानि

IAST Transliteration

vīrásya ráthaḥ | vanáspate vī́ḍvaṅgo hí bhūyā́ asmátsakhā prátaraṇaḥ suvī́raḥ | góbhíḥ sánnaddho asi vī́ḷayasvāsthā́tā te jayatu jétvāni

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

The Hero’s chariot. O Lord of the Forest, be thou of firm frame indeed—our comrade, overpassing, rich in brave men. With kine art thou well bound and harnessed: be strong; let him who mounts thee conquer, and win the winnings.

Word by Word

• वीरस्य: of the hero/warrior
• वीरस्य: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)

• रथः: chariot
• रथः: Kartā (subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ (प्रातिपदिक)

• वनस्पते: O lord of the forest (tree/wood)
• वनस्पते: सम्बोधन (address)
• Type: Noun (vocative)
• Root: वनस्पति (प्रातिपदिक)

• वीड्वङ्गः: having strong/firm limbs (stout-limbed)
• वीड्वङ्गः: Kartā (predicate/attribute of the subject)
• Type: Adjective (compound)
• Root: वीड्वङ्ग (प्रातिपदिक; बहुव्रीहि/कर्मधारय-समास)

• हि: indeed/for
• हि: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• भूयाः: may you be/become
• भूयाः: Kartā (implied ‘you’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (धातु)

• अस्मत्सखा: a friend of us/our ally
• अस्मत्सखा: Kartā (predicate/attribute)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (compound)
• Root: अस्मत् + सखि (प्रातिपदिक; तत्पुरुष-समास)

• प्रतरणः: one who carries across; rescuer/overcomer
• प्रतरणः: Kartā (predicate/attribute)
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: प्र-तॄ (धातु) → प्रतरण (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)

• सुवीरः: very heroic; having good heroes
• सुवीरः: Kartā (predicate/attribute)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सु + वीर (प्रातिपदिक; उपसर्गपूर्वक-समास)

• गोभिः: with cows/with bovine (teams)
• गोभिः: Karaṇa (instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गो (प्रातिपदिक)

• संनद्धः: bound on; harnessed; equipped
• संनद्धः: Kartā (predicate/attribute)
• Type: Adjective/Participle
• Root: सम् + नह् (धातु) → सन्नद्ध (कृदन्त)

• असि: you are
• असि: Kartā (implied ‘you’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)

• वीडयस्व: be strong/press forward; show firmness
• वीडयस्व: Kartā (implied ‘you’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वीड्/वीळ् (धातु; ‘to be strong/firm, to press on’—Vedic usage)

• आस्थाता: the driver/one who stands upon (charioteer)
• आस्थाता: Kartā (subject)
• Type: Noun (agent)
• Root: आ + स्था (धातु) → आस्थातृ (कृदन्त) / आस्थाता (agent-noun)

• ते: your/of you
• ते: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: त्वद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• जयतु: let (him) conquer; may (he) win
• जयतु: Kartā (subject: ‘the driver’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि (धातु)

• जेत्वानि: having conquered (them); after winning
• जेत्वानि: — (adverbial to जयतु)
• Type: Kṛdanta (absolutive used quasi-nominally)
• Root: जि (धातु) → जेत्व (कृदन्त; absolutive/gerund) + -आनि (वेदिक बहुवचन-प्रयोग)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (not specified in the excerpt).

Devata: Vanaspati (lord of trees/wood), with the chariot as empowered object.

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh-like; requires metrical verification.

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From consecration to confident charge toward victory.","listener_experience":"Readiness, courage, and trust in one’s equipment and companions.","intensity":7}