Mantra 1

Sukta 119

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

आनृण्यम्। यददीव्यन्नृणमहं कृणोम्यदास्यन्नग्न उत संगृणामि । वैश्वानरो नो अधिपा वसिष्ठ उदिन्नयाति सुकृतस्य लोकम्

IAST Transliteration

ānṛ́ṇyam | yád adī́vyan ṛṇám aháṃ kṛṇómy ádāsyann agne utá sáṃ gṛṇā́mi | vaiśvānaráḥ no adhipā́ vásiṣṭha úd ín nayāti sukṛtásya lokám ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

Freedom from debt: when, not gambling, I yet make debt; when, sitting (at home), O Agni, I also duly hymn—Vaiśvānara, our lord and best protector, he verily leads upward unto the world of well-doing.

Word by Word

• आनृण्यम्: freedom from debt; debtlessness
• आनृण्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: आनृण्य (प्रातिपदिक; नृण- ‘ऋण’ से) / ऋण- (प्रातिपदिक)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अदीव्यन्: they did not gamble / they did not play
• अदीव्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: दिव् (धातु; ‘दीव्यति’ = खेलति/जुआ खेलना)

• ऋणम्: debt
• ऋणम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऋण (प्रातिपदिक)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Kartā
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• कृणोमि: I make / I incur
• कृणोमि: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (धातु)

• यत्: that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• आस्यन्: they cast / they threw (the dice)
• आस्यन्: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु; ‘आस्यति’ = फेंकना/प्रक्षेपण, विशेषतः पासे/द्यूत)

• अग्ने: O Agni
• अग्ने: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and; also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• संगृणामि: I praise / I recite (together/fully)
• संगृणामि: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + गृ (धातु; ‘गृणाति’ = स्तौति/उच्चारयति)

• वैश्वानरः: Vaiśvānara (Agni as universal fire)
• वैश्वानरः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्वानर (प्रातिपदिक; ‘विश्वानर’)

• नः: of us; our
• नः: —
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अधिपाः: overlord; protector
• अधिपाः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिप (प्रातिपदिक; अधि+पा ‘पालक/स्वामी’)

• वसिष्ठः: Vasiṣṭha (most excellent; also a proper name/epithet)
• वसिष्ठः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: वसिष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत्: up; forth
• उत्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत् (उपसर्ग/निपात)

• इन्: indeed (emphatic particle)
• इन्: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इ (धातु; ‘एति’ = गच्छति) / इन् (वेदिक-निपात, ‘indeed’)

• नयाति: leads; conducts
• नयाति: Kartā
• Type: Verb
• Root: नी (धातु; नयति)

• सुकृतस्य: of good deed/merit
• सुकृतस्य: —
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुकृत (प्रातिपदिक; सु+कृत ‘पुण्य/सत्कर्म’)

• लोकम्: world; realm
• लोकम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: Atharvanic tradition (verify Anukramaṇī for 6.119)

Devata: Agni Vaiśvānara

Chandas: Anuṣṭubh (probable; confirm in critical edition)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Acknowledges imperfect circumstances (debt) → asserts disciplined conduct → invokes protector → culminates in ascent to sukṛta-loka.","listener_experience":"Calm determination; sense of being guided and protected.","intensity":6}