Mantra 2
Sukta 99
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
यो अद्य सेन्यो वधो जिघांसन् न उदीरते । इन्द्रस्य तत्र बाहू समन्तं परि दद्मः
IAST Transliteration
yó adyá senyó vadhó jighā́ṃsan na udī́rate | índrasya tátra bāhū́ samantáṃ párि dadmaḥ
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
What warlike slaughter, fain to slay, is to-day uplifted against us—there we set, all round about, the arms of Indra.
Word by Word
यःwho (he who)
यः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
अद्यtoday / now
अद्य:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य (अव्यय)
सेन्यःbelonging to the army; warlike
सेन्यः:
Kartā
TypeAdjective
Rootसेन्य (प्रातिपदिक; सेना-सम्बद्ध)
वधःslayer; killing/violent one
वधः:
Kartā
TypeNoun
Rootवध (प्रातिपदिक) अथवा √वध् (हिंसायाम्) से भाववाचक-नाम
जिघांसन्intending to kill; wishing to strike
जिघांसन्:
Kartā
TypeVerb (participial)
Root√हन् (हिंसायाम्) → desiderative stem जिघांस-
नःof us / to us
नः:
Sampradāna
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उदीरतेrises up; is set in motion; is stirred
उदीरते:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + √ईर्/√ईर (प्रेरणे/उत्थाने)
इन्द्रस्यof Indra
इन्द्रस्य:
Sambandha (genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
तत्रthere; in that place/point
तत्र:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र (अव्यय)
बाहू(his) two arms
बाहू:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु (प्रातिपदिक)
समन्तम्all around; on every side
समन्तम्:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्त (अव्यय/निपातवत्; ‘all around’)
परिaround
परि:
Adhikaraṇa
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपरि (उपसर्ग/अव्यय)
दद्मःwe place; we set; we bestow
दद्मः:
Kartā
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने)
Attribution
Rishi: Atharvanic transmission (anukramaṇī-dependent)
Devata: Indra (as protector in battle)
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh tendency (shorter pādas; metrical assignment varies)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"bhayankara","emotional_arc":"From recognition of imminent harm to swift establishment of safety.","listener_experience":"A quick tightening into readiness, then relief through felt coverage.","intensity":7}