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Mantra 1

Sukta 72

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

विश्वेषु हि त्वा सवनेषु तुञ्जते समानमेकं वृषमण्यवः पृथक् स्वः सनिष्यवः पृथक्। तं त्वा नावं न पर्षणिं शूषस्य धुरि धीमहि । इन्द्रं न यज्ञैश्चतयन्त आयव स्तोमेभिरिन्द्रमायवः

IAST Transliteration

víśveṣu hí tvā́ sávaneṣu tuñjáte samānám ékaṃ vṛ́ṣam aṇyávaḥ pṛ́thak svàḥ saníṣyavaḥ pṛ́thak | táṃ tvā́ nā́vaṃ ná párṣaṇiṃ śūṣásya dhurí dhīmahi | índraṃ ná yajñáiś catáyanta ā́yavaḥ stómebhír índram ā́yavaḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

For in all the pressings they spur thee on—the self-same, the one Bull—each eager band apart, each seeker after heaven apart. Thee, like a boat, like a ferrying craft, we set upon the yoke-pole of might. As with sacrifices the Āyus-men rouse Indra, so with hymns of praise they rouse Indra.

Word by Word
विश्वेषुin all
विश्वेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeAdjective (used substantively)
Rootविश्व (प्रातिपदिक)
हिindeed/for
हि:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
त्वाyou (as object)
त्वा:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सवनेषुin the pressings/oblations
सवनेषु:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootसवन (प्रातिपदिक)
तुन्जतेthey urge/impel
तुन्जते:
—
TypeVerb
Rootतुञ्ज् (धातु)
समानम्the same
समानम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसमान (प्रातिपदिक)
एकम्one
एकम्:
कर्म (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective/Numeral
Rootएक (प्रातिपदिक)
वृषम्bull (i.e., the strong one)
वृषम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवृष (प्रातिपदिक)
अण्यवःthe eager/active ones (impellers)
अण्यवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (agentive/collective epithet)
Rootअणु (प्रातिपदिक) / अण्यु (वैदिक प्रातिपदिक)
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
स्वःupwards/aloft; to heaven
स्वः:
—
TypeIndeclinable (Vedic adverb)
Rootस्वः
सनिष्यवःseekers of gain/winners
सनिष्यवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (desiderative/agent noun)
Rootसनि (प्रातिपदिक; from √सन् ‘to gain’)
पृथक्separately
पृथक्:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपृथक्
तम्him/that one
तम्:
कर्म
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
त्वाyou
त्वा:
कर्म (apposition)
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
नावम्as a boat
नावम्:
कर्म (उपमा-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootनाव्/नौ (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike/as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
पर्षणिम्as a heel/support (protector)
पर्षणिम्:
कर्म (उपमा-रूपेण)
TypeNoun
Rootपर्षणि (प्रातिपदिक)
शूषस्यof might/strength
शूषस्य:
सम्बन्ध
TypeNoun
Rootशूष (प्रातिपदिक)
धुरिon the yoke/at the pole (in the harness)
धुरि:
अधिकारण
TypeNoun
Rootधुर्/धुरि (प्रातिपदिक)
धीमहिwe place/establish (we set)
धीमहि:
—
TypeVerb
Root√धा (धातु) / वैदिक प्रयोग ‘धीमहि’
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म
TypeProper Noun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
नlike/as
न:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
यज्ञैःwith sacrifices
यज्ञैः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
चतयन्तेthey rouse/urge (him)
चतयन्ते:
—
TypeVerb
Root√चत्/चत्य् (धातु; वैदिक ‘to rouse/urge, to praise’)
आयवःthe Āyus/men (worshippers)
आयवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआयु/आय (प्रातिपदिक; ‘vital, living’; here as clan/people epithet)
स्तोमेभिःwith hymns/praises
स्तोमेभिः:
करण
TypeNoun
Rootस्तोम (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रम्Indra
इन्द्रम्:
कर्म
TypeProper Noun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
आयवःthe Āyus/men (worshippers)
आयवः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootआयु/आय (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution

Rishi: RV-derived Indra hymn tradition (Book 20 compilation; specific r̥ṣi depends on RV source-verse mapping).

Devata: Indra

Chandas: Triṣṭubh/Jagati complex (RV-style; exact metrical count requires pada scansion against RV original)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From many voices urging power to the awe of being ferried across danger into victory.","listener_experience":"Collective courage, momentum, and trust in a protective conveyance.","intensity":7}

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