Mantra 3
Sukta 49
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
शक्रो वाचमधृष्णुहि धामधर्मन् विराजति । विमदन् बर्हिरासरन्
IAST Transliteration
śakró vā́cam ádhṛṣṇuhi dhā́ma-dharman ví rā́jati | ví-madan barhír ā́saran ||
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Śakra, with Speech be thou unassailable: he shineth forth, whose ordinance is the station (dhāman). Exulting, they sat them down upon the Barhis.
Word by Word
शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र (प्रातिपदिक)
वाचम्speech, utterance
वाचम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootवाच् (प्रातिपदिक)
अधृष्णुहिdare/overpower (you)!
अधृष्णुहि:
(क्रियापद) —
TypeVerb
Rootधृष् (धातु; ‘धृष्णोति/धर्षति’—to dare, to overpower) + नु (आगम/प्रत्यय) + हि (विधिलिङ्/आज्ञार्थे 2 एक)
धामabode; splendor; ordinance
धाम:
कर्म (अधृष्णुहि इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootधामन् (प्रातिपदिक)
अधर्मन्O unrighteous one / O Adharma
अधर्मन्:
सम्बोधन
TypeNoun
Rootअधर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक: अ- + धर्मन्)
विराजतिshines forth; is resplendent
विराजति:
(क्रियापद) —
TypeVerb
Rootराज् (धातु) उपसर्ग: वि-
विमदन्rejoicing; exulting
विमदन्:
कर्तृ-विशेषण
TypeAdjective/Participle
Rootमद् (धातु) उपसर्ग: वि-; कृदन्त: शतृ (वर्तमान कृदन्त)
बर्हिःsacrificial grass (barhis)
बर्हिः:
कर्तृ (आसरन् इत्यस्य)
TypeNoun
Rootबर्हिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
आसरन्they came/approached; they flowed toward
आसरन्:
(क्रियापद) —
TypeVerb
Rootसृ (धातु; to flow/go) उपसर्ग: आ-
Attribution
Rishi: RV-derived
Devata: Indra (Śakra); secondarily the arriving gods (devāḥ) implied by ‘āsaran’
Chandas: Compact RV meter (often treated as Anuṣṭubh-like in AV transmission)
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"From protective imperative to calm assurance via ordered radiance and divine settlement.","listener_experience":"Feeling of ‘things are in place’; safety through structure.","intensity":5}