Mantra 6

Sukta 17

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

विशंविशं मघवा पर्यशायत जनानां धेना अवचाकशद् वृषा । यस्याह शक्रः सवनेषु रण्यति स तीव्रैः सोमैः सहते पृतन्यतः

IAST Transliteration

víśaṃ-viśaṃ maghávā páry aśāyata jánānāṃ dhénā ava cā́kaśad vṛ́ṣā | yásyā́ha śakráḥ sávanēṣu ráṇyati sá tīvráiḥ sómaiḥ sahate pṛtanyatáḥ

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

From clan to clan the Bounteous One lay ranged about; the Bull made manifest the milch-kine of the peoples. He—verily Śakra—who in the pressings taketh delight, with keen Soma-draughts prevaileth over the battling foe.

Word by Word

• विशम्: a clan/settlement (each community)
• विशम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (प्रातिपदिक: विश्) अथवा विश्- (समूह/जन)

• विशम्: clan after clan
• विशम्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: विश् (प्रातिपदिक: विश्)

• मघवा: the bountiful one (Indra)
• मघवा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: मघवन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• परि: around, all about
• परि: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: परि

• अशायत: lay down, reclined
• अशायत: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: शी (शे/शयने)

• जनानाम्: of the people
• जनानाम्: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन (प्रातिपदिक)

• धेनाः: cows
• धेनाः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun
• Root: धेनु (प्रातिपदिक)

• अव: down, away
• अव: —
• Type: Indeclinable (preverb)
• Root: अव

• चाकशत्: appeared/was seen; shone forth
• चाकशत्: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: कश्/काश् (दीप्तौ/दर्शने) ; Vedic: चाकश् ‘to appear/shine, be visible’

• वृषा: the bull (Indra)
• वृषा: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: वृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• यस्य: whose
• यस्य: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• अह: indeed, verily
• अह: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अह (निपात; वैदिक)

• शक्रः: Śakra (Indra)
• शक्रः: कर्तृ
• Type: Noun (epithet)
• Root: शक्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सवनेषु: in the Soma-pressings/rites
• सवनेषु: अधिकरण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सवन (प्रातिपदिक)

• रण्यति: rejoices, delights
• रण्यति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम् (रमँ/रण्यति वैदिक: ‘to rejoice, take delight’)

• सः: he
• सः: कर्तृ
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)

• तीव्रैः: with strong/keen
• तीव्रैः: करण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)

• सोमैः: with Soma (draughts)
• सोमैः: करण
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम (प्रातिपदिक)

• सहते: prevails, overcomes; withstands
• सहते: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: सह् (सहँ—बल/सहन)

• पृतन्यतः: of the battling (foe); of one who fights
• पृतन्यतः: सम्बन्ध
• Type: Participle (present)
• Root: पृतन्यत् (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √पृतन्/पृतना ‘to fight’ → पृतन्यति ‘to wage battle’)

Attribution

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (Indra-stuti); in AV 20 the seers follow the RV hymn source (r̥ṣi varies by the RV original).

Devata: Indra (Śakra, Maghavān, Vṛṣan)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh (RV-style)

Mantra Rasa

{"primary_rasa":"vira","secondary_rasa":"raudra","emotional_arc":"Expansive protection across clans → revelation of wealth → battle-ready triumph through Soma-strength.","listener_experience":"Roused courage, solidarity, readiness to face conflict.","intensity":7}