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Mantra 1

Sukta 109

स्वादोरित्था विषूवतो मध्वः पिबन्ति गौर्यः । या इन्द्रेण सयावरीर्वृष्णा मदन्ति शोभसे वस्वीरनु स्वराज्यम्

svādóḥ itthā́ viṣūváto mádhvaḥ pibanti gáuryáḥ | yā́ índreṇa sayā́varīr vṛ́ṣṇā mádanti śóbhase vásvīr ánu svārā́jyam ||

Thus, at the turning-point, the tawny ones drink of the honey-sweet draught; they who, moving in one course with Indra, with the Bull, exult for splendour—bounteous—following after sovereign power.

स्वादोःof the sweet (one/thing)
स्वादोः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वादु (प्रातिपदिक) ← √स्वद् (आस्वादने)
इत्थाthus; in this manner
इत्था:
क्रियाविशेषण
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइत्था (अव्यय)
विषूवतःof the solstitial/equinoctial (time); of the turning-point
विषूवतः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootविषूवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
मध्वःof honey; of sweetness (mead)
मध्वः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive qualifier)
TypeNoun
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
पिबन्तिthey drink
पिबन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√पा (पाने)
गौर्यःthe fair/bright ones (cows/maidens)
गौर्यः:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootगौरी (प्रातिपदिक)
याःwho (those women/ones)
याः:
कर्तृ (relative pronoun)
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रेणwith Indra
इन्द्रेण:
सह/करण (instrumental: with/by)
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
सयावरीःthe companioning/consorting ones (female companions)
सयावरीः:
कर्तृ (apposition to याः)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootसयावरी (प्रातिपदिक)
वृष्णाwith the bull (the vigorous one)
वृष्णा:
सह/करण (instrumental: with the bull/hero)
TypeNoun
Rootवृषन् (प्रातिपदिक)
मदन्तिthey rejoice; are exhilarated
मदन्ति:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Root√मद् (हर्षे/मदे)
शोभसेfor splendor/beauty
शोभसे:
सम्प्रदान
TypeNoun
Rootशोभस् (प्रातिपदिक)
वस्वीःwealthy; possessing riches
वस्वीः:
कर्तृ (apposition)
TypeAdjective
Rootवस्वी (प्रातिपदिक)
अनुafter; along; in accordance with
अनु:
क्रियाविशेषण/उपपद
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअनु (अव्यय/उपसर्ग)
स्वराज्यम्self-rule; sovereignty
स्वराज्यम्:
कर्म (goal/object with अनु)
TypeNoun
Rootस्वराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)

Rishi: Ṛgvedic provenance (AV 20 is largely Ṛg-collection); traditional attribution follows the corresponding RV hymn’s seer (to be verified against RV parallel).

Devata: Indra (with Soma as the empowering medium)

Chandas: Likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī-type cadence in RV style (verify by RV parallel scansion).

{"primary_rasa":"adbhuta","secondary_rasa":"vira","emotional_arc":"Sweet intake → exhilaration → splendor → sovereign aspiration.","listener_experience":"Buoyant confidence and celebratory abundance; feels like joining a victorious procession.","intensity":6}