Mantra 40
Sukta 7
Sanskrit (Devanagari)
अप तस्य हतं तमो व्यावृत्तः स पाप्मना । सर्वाणि तस्मिन् ज्योतींषि यानि त्रीणि प्रजापतौ
IAST Transliteration
ápa tásya hatáṃ támo vyā́vṛttaḥ sá pā́pmnā | sárvāṇi tásmin jyótīṃṣi yā́ni trī́ṇi prajā́patau
English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)
Away from him is smitten Darkness; turned aside is he with Evil. In him are all those Lights, the three, that are in Prajāpati.
Word by Word
अपaway, off
अप:
—
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअप (अव्यय)
तस्यof him/it
तस्य:
सम्बन्ध (genitive relation)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
हतम्struck down, slain, destroyed
हतम्:
विशेषण (of ‘तमः’)
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Root√हन् (हिंसागत्योः) → हत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
तमःdarkness
तमः:
Karma (with implied ‘अप’ = removed) / or Kartā in verbless clause
TypeNoun
Rootतमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
व्यावृत्तःturned away, averted, withdrawn
व्यावृत्तः:
Kartā (agreeing with ‘सः’)
TypeAdjective (PPP)
Rootवि + आ + √वृत् (वर्तने) → व्यावृत्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
सःhe
सः:
Kartā
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
पाप्मनाwith evil; by sin/evil influence
पाप्मना:
Karaṇa (instrument/association: ‘with/through evil’)
TypeNoun
Rootपाप्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
सर्वाणिall
सर्वाणि:
विशेष्य (of ‘ज्योतींषि’) / Karma if taken as object
TypeAdjective/Pronoun
Rootसर्व (सर्वनाम/विशेषण-प्रातिपदिक)
तस्मिन्in him/therein
तस्मिन्:
Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘in him/therein’)
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
ज्योतींषिlights, luminaries
ज्योतींषि:
Kartā/विशेष्य (subject in verbless clause) or Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्योतिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
यानिwhich
यानि:
सम्बन्ध (relative: ‘which’ referring to ‘ज्योतींषि’)
TypeRelative pronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
त्रीणिthree
त्रीणि:
विशेषण (of ‘ज्योतींषि’)
TypeNumeral (Adjective)
Rootत्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
प्रजापतौin Prajāpati
प्रजापतौ:
Adhikaraṇa (locus: ‘in Prajāpati’)
TypeNoun (proper/title)
Rootप्रजापति (प्रातिपदिक)
Attribution
Rishi: Skambha-cycle seer(s) (anukramaṇī-dependent)
Devata: Skambha identified with Prajāpati; also the triad of lights
Chandas: Anuṣṭubh
Mantra Rasa
{"primary_rasa":"shanta","secondary_rasa":"adbhuta","emotional_arc":"From threat-removal to calm radiance.","listener_experience":"A sense of clearing, then reassurance—like lamps being lit in a purified room.","intensity":5}