Sutra 35
Devanagari script
सारतो वा हिरण्यमाढ्यान्याचेत यथोपकारं वा स्ववशा वा यदुपहरेयुः ॥ कZ_०५.२.३५ ॥
Transliteration
sārato vā hiraṇyamāḍhyānyāceta yathopakāraṃ vā svavaśā vā yadupahareyuḥ
Translation
He should request gold from the wealthy either in full (substantially) or in proportion to the benefits received; or, having brought them under his influence, take whatever they can be made to yield.
Word by Word
सारतःin essence; by way of substance/value
सारतः:
TypeNoun (used adverbially)
Rootसार
Formपुं/नपुं; पञ्चमी एकवचन; अव्ययीभाव-प्रयोग (ablative of respect/standard): ‘in essence/according to substance’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात
हिरण्यम्gold; money/treasure
हिरण्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन
आढ्यानिthe wealthy (persons); rich (ones)
आढ्यानि:
TypeAdjective (substantivized)
Rootआढ्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया बहुवचन; ‘wealthy (persons/things)’
आचेत्should collect; should accumulate
आचेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चि
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद; 3पुरुष एकवचन; ‘should collect/accumulate’
यथाas; according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formउपमान/प्रकारार्थक अव्यय
उपकारम्help; service; benefit
उपकारम्:
TypeNoun
Rootउपकार
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘in proportion to service/benefit’ (object/measure)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात
स्ववशाःthose under (his) control; obedient dependents
स्ववशाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootस्ववश
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘under one’s control/obedient’
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात
यत्whatever; that which
यत्:
TypePronoun/Relative
Rootयद्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक ‘whatever/that which’
उपहरेयुःshould bring; should hand over; should deliver
उपहरेयुः:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-हृ
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद; 3पुरुष बहुवचन; ‘should bring/offer/hand over’
Entities Mentioned
Ā
āḍhya (wealthy)H
hiraṇya (money/gold)FAQs
Two logics: (1) ability-to-pay/substantial levy on the wealthy, and (2) benefit-based assessment (‘as per benefits’), backed by political leverage if needed.