Sutra 13
Devanagari script
परसस्यापहारिणः पञ्चाशद्गुणः सीतात्ययः स्ववर्गस्य बाह्यस्य तु वधः ॥ कZ_०५.२.१३ ॥
Transliteration
parasasyāpahāriṇaḥ pañcāśadguṇaḥ sītātyayaḥ svavargasya bāhyasya tu vadhaḥ
Translation
For one who steals another’s crop, the penalty shall be fiftyfold; (this is) an offense against the Sītā (the state agricultural revenue/produce). If the offender is of one’s own group, (apply the penalty); but if an outsider, then execution.
Word by Word
परस्यof another (person); of someone else
परस्य:
TypeNoun (pronoun/adjectival stem)
Rootपर
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं), ‘पर’ (= other’s) used substantively
अपहारिणःof the taker-away; of the thief/robber
अपहारिणः:
TypeNoun (agent noun)
Rootअप-√हृ
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘अपहारिन्’ = one who takes away/steals
पञ्चाशत्-गुणःfiftyfold (as a multiple)
पञ्चाशत्-गुणः:
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चाशत् + गुण
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘पञ्चाशद्गुणः’ = fiftyfold (penalty)
सीता-अत्ययःthe offence/defalcation concerning ‘Sītā’ (state produce/revenue)
सीता-अत्ययः:
TypeNoun
Rootसीता + अत्यय
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘सीतात्ययः’ = transgression/defalcation relating to Sītā
स्ववर्गस्यof one’s own group (insiders)
स्ववर्गस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + वर्ग
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘स्ववर्ग’ = one’s own group/party (insiders)
बाह्यस्यof an outsider
बाह्यस्य:
TypeNoun (adjectival stem used substantively)
Rootबाह्य
Formषष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं), ‘external person/outsider’
तुbut; however
तु:
TypeParticle
Rootतु
Formनिपात (contrastive)
वधःexecution; putting to death
वधः:
TypeNoun
Root√वध् (वध)
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग; ‘killing/execution’
Entities Mentioned
O
offender (insider vs outsider)V
victim cultivator (implied)S
Sītā (state agricultural establishment/revenue)FAQs
Outsiders are treated as predatory threats to rural order and revenue; exemplary punishment is used to secure borders and deter raiding.