Sutra 48
Devanagari script
सातत्येन हि निशि प्रदीपे मातरि च मृतायां दीव्यत्येव कितवः ॥ कZ_०८.३.४८ ॥
Transliteration
sātatyena hi niśi pradīpe mātari ca mṛtāyāṃ dīvyaty eva kitavaḥ
Translation
For the gambler gambles continuously—at night by lamplight, even when his mother has died.
Word by Word
सातत्येनcontinuously; with persistence
सातत्येन:
TypeNoun
Rootसातत्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; तृतीया-एकवचन; भाववाचक-नाम (अव्ययीभावार्थे ‘सातत्येन’ = ‘सततं/निरन्तरम्’ इत्यर्थे)
हिindeed; for
हि:
TypeParticle
Rootहि
Formनिपात; हेतौ/खल्वर्थे
निशिat night
निशि:
TypeNoun
Rootनिशा
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन
प्रदीपेwhen/where there is a lamp (in lamplight)
प्रदीपे:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदीप
Formपुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन
मातरिwhen/while the mother (is present / in the case of the mother)
मातरि:
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन
चand
च:
TypeConjunction
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय
मृतायाम्when (she) is dead; upon (her) death
मृतायाम्:
TypeParticiple (Adjectival)
Rootमृ (मरणे) → मृत (कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त (क्त); स्त्रीलिङ्ग; सप्तमी-एकवचन; ‘मातृ’ इत्यस्य विशेषणम्
दीव्यतिplays (gambles)
दीव्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootदिव् (दीव्यति)
Formलट्; परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
एवcertainly; just
एव:
TypeParticle
Rootएव
Formअवधारणार्थक-अव्यय
कितवःthe gambler
कितवः:
TypeNoun
Rootकितव
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन
Entities Mentioned
G
gamblerFAQs
Addiction produces extreme duty-neglect; a ruler tolerating such vice in court or administration risks chronic absenteeism, corruption, and breakdown of responsibility.