Sutra 50

Devanagari script

देशकालकार्यवशेन तु कोशदण्डयोरन्यतरः प्रमाणीभवति ॥ कZ_०८.१.५० ॥

Transliteration

deśakālakāryavaśena tu kośadaṇḍayor anyataraḥ pramāṇībhavati.

Translation

However, depending on place, time, and the specific task, either the treasury or coercive power becomes the decisive factor.

Word by Word

• देश: place/territory (region)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिश्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• काल: time/occasion
• Type: Noun
• Root: कल्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• कार्य: task/affair (case)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; प्रथमा/द्वितीया; एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• वशेन: depending on; according to
• Type: Noun
• Root: वश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; तृतीया; एकवचन; (हेतु/निमित्ते) ‘वशेन’ = ‘के कारण/अनुसार’

• तु: but; however
• Type: Particle
• Root: तु
• Form: निपात; विरोध/विशेषार्थक

• कोश: treasury; financial resources
• Type: Noun
• Root: कोश
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी; द्विवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• दण्डयोः: punitive power/force; punishment
• Type: Noun
• Root: दण्ड
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी; द्विवचन (समासाङ्ग)

• अन्यतरः: either one (of the two)
• Type: Pronoun/Adjective
• Root: अन्यतर
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा; एकवचन; (कोशदण्डयोः इति षष्ठी-द्विवचन-सम्बन्धे) ‘either of the two’

• प्रमाणीभवति: becomes authoritative/decisive (the determining factor)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भू (प्रमाणी-√कृ > प्रमाणीभू)
• Form: लट्; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; परस्मैपद; ‘प्रमाणी-भू’ = ‘प्रमाणं भवति/प्रमाणत्वं गच्छति’

Entities Mentioned

• kośa (treasury)
• daṇḍa (coercive power)
• deśa
• kāla
• kārya

More Details

FAQs

What is the meta-principle of this sutra?

No single instrument is universally primary; the ruler must choose whether finance or force is decisive based on context (region, timing, mission).