Sutra 10

Devanagari script

यैनमापत्सु प्राणाबाधयुक्तास्वनुगृह्णीयुस्तानमात्यान् कुर्वीत दृष्टानुरागत्वात् इति ॥ कZ_०१.८.१० ॥

Transliteration

yainam āpatsu prāṇābādhayuktāsv anugṛhṇīyus tān amātyān kurvīta dṛṣṭānurāgatvāt iti

Translation

He should appoint as ministers those who would protect and support him in calamities involving danger to life, because their loyalty has been seen (tested in action)—so it is said.

Word by Word

• ये: who (those who)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: sarvanāma-prātipadika; prathamā-vibhakti; bahuvacana; puṃliṅga (relative pronoun)

• एनम्: him
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: sarvanāma; dvitīyā-vibhakti; ekavacana; puṃliṅga (enam = him)

• आपत्सु: in calamities / in times of crisis
• Type: Noun
• Root: आपद्
• Form: strīliṅga; saptamī-vibhakti; bahuvacana

• प्राणाबाधयुक्तासु: in (those crises) that involve danger to life / life-threatening
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युक्त
• Form: strīliṅga; saptamī-vibhakti; bahuvacana; viśeṣaṇa of 'āpatsu'; compound: prāṇa-ābādha-yukta = 'endowed with/marked by obstruction to life'

• अनुगृह्णीयुः: should protect / should show favor to
• Type: Verb
• Root: अनु√ग्रह्
• Form: liṅ (vidhi-liṅ/optative); parasmaipada; prathama-puruṣa; bahuvacana; active; 'they should show favor/protect'

• तान्: those
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: sarvanāma; dvitīyā-vibhakti; bahuvacana; puṃliṅga

• अमात्यान्: ministers / high officials
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: puṃliṅga; dvitīyā-vibhakti; bahuvacana

• कुर्वीत: should make / should appoint
• Type: Verb
• Root: √कृ
• Form: liṅ (vidhi-liṅ/optative); ātmanepada; prathama-puruṣa; ekavacana; 'he should make/appoint'

• दृष्टानुरागत्वात्: because of proven loyalty / since their loyalty has been seen
• Type: Noun (abstract)
• Root: त्व
• Form: napuṃsaka; pañcamī-vibhakti; ekavacana; hetu-artha (ablative of cause); compound: dṛṣṭa-anurāga-tva = 'the state of having seen/manifested affection/loyalty'

• इति: thus
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: avyaya; quotation/closure marker

Entities Mentioned

• amātya (minister)
• ruler

More Details

FAQs

What is the selection criterion proposed here?

Empirical loyalty: prefer officials whose commitment is demonstrated under high-risk crises, not merely claimed through words or proximity.