Sutra 1

Devanagari script

सहाध्यायिनो अमात्यान् कुर्वीत दृष्टशौचसामर्थ्यत्वात् इति भारद्वाजः ॥ कZ_०१.८.०१ ॥

Transliteration

sahādhyāyino amātyān kurvīta dṛṣṭaśaucasāmarthyatvāt iti bhāradvājaḥ

Translation

Bhāradvāja says: he should appoint as ministers those who studied with him, because their integrity and competence are already observed.

Word by Word

• सहाध्यायिनः: fellow-students / those who studied together (with the king)
• Type: Noun (adjective used substantively)
• Root: अधि-इ (अध्यायिन्)
• Form: प्रथमा-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; 'सह' उपसर्गपूर्वकः—'सह + अध्यायिन्' = सहाध्यायिन् (सहपाठी)

• अमात्यान्: ministers / high officials
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमात्य
• Form: द्वितीया-बहुवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्

• कुर्वीत: should appoint / should make (them)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; अर्थः—'नियोजयेत्/नियुक्तान् कुर्यात्'

• दृष्टशौचसामर्थ्यत्वात्: because (their) purity and competence have been seen/verified
• Type: Noun (ablative of abstract reason)
• Root: दृश् (दृष्ट) / शुच् (शौच) / समर्थ (सामर्थ्य)
• Form: पञ्चमी-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्गम्; विग्रहः—(तेषां) दृष्टं शौचं च सामर्थ्यं च यस्य/येषां तस्य/तेषां भावः = दृष्ट-शौच-सामर्थ्य-त्वम्; तस्मात् = -त्वात् (हेतौ)

• इति: thus / as follows
• Type: Particle/Quotative
• Root: इति
• Form: निपातः; वाक्यसमाप्तौ मत-निर्देशार्थः

• भारद्वाजः: Bharadvāja (the authority)
• Type: Proper Noun
• Root: भारद्वाज
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्गम्; आचार्य-नाम

Entities Mentioned

• Bhāradvāja
• amātya (minister)
• sahādhyāyin (co-student)

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative logic behind choosing co-students as ministers?

It treats long-term observation as a vetting mechanism—character and competence have been tested over time, reducing screening uncertainty.