प्रत्यक्षपरोक्षानुमेया हि राजवृत्तिः ॥ कZ_०१.१५.१९ ॥
pratyakṣa-parokṣa-anumeyā hi rāja-vṛttiḥ
Royal conduct (state policy and action) is to be determined through direct observation, indirect reports, and inference.
Direct observation (pratyakṣa), indirect information (parokṣa), and inference (anumeya).