Sutra 18
Devanagari script
पुत्रयोरपि यो जात्यं प्राज्ञं शूरं कृतास्त्रमेकपुत्रं वा ददाति सोऽतिसंधीयते ॥ कZ_०७.१७.१८ ॥
Transliteration
putrayorapi yo jātyaṃ prājñaṃ śūraṃ kṛtāstram ekaputraṃ vā dadāti so'tisaṃdhīyate
Translation
Even between two “sons” (agents), whoever hands over (entrusts/sends) a well-born one, or a wise one, or a brave one, or a trained-in-arms one, or an only son becomes liable to be outwitted.
Word by Word
पुत्रयोःof (two) sons
पुत्रयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग; षष्ठी-द्विवचन (genitive dual)
अपिeven; also
अपि:
TypeParticle
Rootअपि
Formनिपात; समुच्चय/अपवादार्थक (even/also)
यःwho (he who)
यः:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन (relative pronoun)
जात्यम्of good birth; well-born
जात्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootजात्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying the son)
प्राज्ञम्wise; intelligent
प्राज्ञम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राज्ञ
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण
शूरम्brave; valorous
शूरम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootशूर
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण
कृतास्त्रम्trained in weapons; having mastered arms
कृतास्त्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत + अस्त्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विशेषण; कृत (ppp of √कृ) + अस्त्र (weapon/arms)
एकपुत्रम्an only son; single son
एकपुत्रम्:
TypeNoun (used adjectivally)
Rootएक + पुत्र
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-एकवचन; विकल्पार्थे (as an alternative object)
वाor
वा:
TypeParticle
Rootवा
Formविकल्पार्थक निपात (or)
ददातिgives; grants
ददाति:
TypeVerb
Root√दा (दाने)
Formलट्; परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन
अतिसंधीयतेis overreached; is made to enter an excessive/overreaching compact; is cheated by over-alliance
अतिसंधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootअति + सम् + √धा (धाने)
Formलट्; आत्मनेपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन; कर्मणि/भावे प्रयोग (passive/reflexive sense)
Entities Mentioned
P
putra (agent)FAQs
Do not assume that sending your ‘best’ operative (high-status, smart, brave, trained, or sole trusted person) is automatically optimal; such a choice can be anticipated, targeted, bribed, or trapped, creating vulnerability.