Sutra 1
Devanagari script
बलविशिष्टः कृतोपजापः प्रतिविहितर्तुः स्वभूम्यां प्रकाशयुद्धमुपेयात् ॥ कZ_१०.३.०१ ॥
Transliteration
balaviśiṣṭaḥ kṛtopajāpaḥ prativihitartuḥ svabhūmyāṃ prakāśayuddham upeyāt
Translation
When superior in strength, after conducting persuasion/propaganda operations and having arranged the season/time to counter the opponent, he should undertake open battle on his own territory.
Word by Word
बलविशिष्टःone who is endowed with (adequate) force/army
बलविशिष्टः:
TypeAdjective
Rootविशिष् (vi-śiṣ)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; विशेषणम् (कर्तरि)
कृतोपजापःhaving carried out subornation/secret inducement (i.e., having won over/undermined by intrigue)
कृतोपजापः:
TypeAdjective (past participial compound)
Rootकृ (kṛ)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; कृत (कृ + क्त) + उपजाप (उपजापः)
प्रतिविहितर्तुःof the season fixed/appointed in response (i.e., by the opponent)
प्रतिविहितर्तुः:
TypeNoun (genitive)
Rootवि-धा/वि-हि (vi-hā/vi-dhā) → विहित (ppp)
Formपुंलिङ्गः, षष्ठी-एकवचनम्; प्रतिविहित + ऋतु (ऋतुः)
स्वभूम्याम्in one’s own territory
स्वभूम्याम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (bhūmi)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्गः, सप्तमी-एकवचनम्; अधिकरणम्
प्रकाशयुद्धम्open battle
प्रकाशयुद्धम्:
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (yudh)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्गः, द्वितीया-एकवचनम्; कर्म (उपेयात् इति)
उपेयात्should resort to / should undertake
उपेयात्:
TypeVerb
Rootइ (i) with उप- (upa + i)
Formलिङ् (विधिलिङ्), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; विध्यर्थः (should resort/should undertake)
Entities Mentioned
O
own territoryO
opponent (implicit)FAQs
Relative strength advantage, prior political-psychological preparation (upajāpa), favorable timing/season, and operating on home ground.