Sutra 16
सारभाण्डमित्यसारभाण्डं तज्जातमित्यतज्जातं राधायुक्तमित्युपधियुक्तं समुद्गपरिवर्तिमं वा विक्रयाधानं नयतो हीनमूल्यं चतुष्पञ्चाशत्पणो दण्डः पणमूल्यं द्विगुणो द्विपणमूल्यं द्विशतः ॥ कZ_०४.२.१६ ॥
sārabhāṇḍam ity asārabhāṇḍaṃ tajjātam ity atajjātaṃ rādhāyuktam ity upadhiyuktaṃ samudgaparivartimaṃ vā vikrayādhānaṃ nayato hīnamūlyaṃ catuṣpañcāśatpaṇo daṇḍaḥ paṇamūlyaṃ dviguṇo dvipaṇamūlyaṃ dviśataḥ
Whoever, in sale or pledge, passes off inferior goods as superior, a different kind as the stated kind, adulterated goods as properly processed, or substitutes the contents by switching containers/boxes—if the value is low, the fine is 54 paṇas; for goods valued at one paṇa, the fine is double; for goods valued at two paṇas, the fine is 200.
FAQs
Quality mislabeling (inferior as superior), species/kind mislabeling, adulteration masked as proper processing, and physical substitution via container switching.
Graded penalties calibrated to value bands, combining a base fine with sharp increases for higher-value fraud.