Sutra 8

Devanagari script

पण्यव्यवहारो व्यवहारः ॥ कZ_०२.८.०८ ॥

Transliteration

paṇyavyavahāro vyavahāraḥ

Translation

“Vyavahāra” means commercial dealing in commodities.

Word by Word

• पण्य-व्यवहारः: commercial dealing; transaction in goods
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवहृ (√हृ उपसर्गः वि+अव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्; समासः: पण्यस्य व्यवहारः

• व्यवहारः: a dealing/transaction; (also) a legal case/dispute-context term
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यवहृ (√हृ उपसर्गः वि+अव)
• Form: पुंलिङ्गः, प्रथमा-एकवचनम्

Entities Mentioned

• paṇya (commodities/merchandise)

More Details

FAQs

Why define commodity dealing in a chapter on the treasury?

Because state commodity transactions can either augment revenue or become a channel for fraud, favoritism, and hidden losses.