Sutra 10

Devanagari script

प्रस्थितागतानां च प्रवासावासकारणमनर्थ्यानां च स्त्रीपुरुषाणां चारप्रचारं च विद्युः ॥ कZ_०२.३५.१० ॥

Transliteration

prasthitāgatānāṃ ca pravāsāvāsakāraṇam anarthyānāṃ ca strīpuruṣāṇāṃ cārapracāraṃ ca vidyuḥ

Translation

They shall know the reasons for departure and arrival—whether for travel or residence—and shall also track the movements of spies and of suspicious/undesirable men and women.

Word by Word

• प्रस्थितागतानाम्: of those who have departed and (those who have) arrived
• Type: Noun (adjectival participles used substantively)
• Root: प्र-स्था (प्रस्थित) + आ-गम् (आगत)
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (gen. pl.); masculine/neuter by context; compound of two past participles: प्रस्थित (gone forth/departed) + आगत (arrived/returned)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम् (coordinative)

• प्रवास: going abroad / absence / travel
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-वास्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (nom. sg.); masculine

• आवास: dwelling / lodging / residence
• Type: Noun
• Root: आ-वास्
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (nom. sg.); masculine

• कारणम्: cause / reason
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृ (→ कारण)
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (nom. sg.); neuter

• अनर्थ्यानाम्: of undesirable / unworthy (persons)
• Type: Noun/Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अनर्थ्य
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (gen. pl.); masculine/neuter by context; ‘unworthy/suspect/undesirable’ persons

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• स्त्री: women
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्त्री
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचन-समासार्थे (in coordination with पुरुषाणाम्); here understood as part of a gen. pl. pair ‘of women and men’

• पुरुषाणाम्: of men
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: षष्ठी-बहुवचनम् (gen. pl.); masculine; with स्त्री (women) as a coordinated pair

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• चार: spy / agent
• Type: Noun
• Root: चर् (→ चार)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (acc. sg.) in compound with प्रचारम्; masculine

• प्रचारम्: movement / activity / circulation
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्र-चर् (→ प्रचार)
• Form: द्वितीया-एकवचनम् (acc. sg.); masculine; with चार = ‘movement/operations of spies’

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्ययम्

• विद्युः: they should know / ascertain
• Type: Verb
• Root: विद्
• Form: लोट्/विधिलिङ्-प्रयोगार्थे (injunctive/optative sense) परस्मैपदम्; 3rd person plural; ‘they should know/ascertain’ (context: officials/agents)

Entities Mentioned

• spies (cāra)
• suspicious persons (anarthya)
• migrants/travellers

More Details

FAQs

Why is the ‘reason for travel/residence’ an administrative priority?

It helps detect evasion (tax/forced service), infiltration, and criminal flight, while also regulating settlement and labour availability.