Sutra 1

Devanagari script

बाह्यमाभ्यन्तरं चातिथ्यम् ॥ कZ_०२.२२.०१ ॥

Transliteration

bāhyam ābhyantaraṃ cātithyam

Translation

Hospitality (state facilitation) should be provided both to outsiders and to those within the realm.

Word by Word

• बाह्यम्: external (hospitality)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: बाह्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextually ‘external [hospitality]’ as a nominal/adjectival predicate)

• आभ्यन्तरम्: internal (hospitality)
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: आभ्यन्तर
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextually ‘internal [hospitality]’)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (coordination: ‘and’)

• आतिथ्यम्: hospitality; reception of guests
• Type: Noun
• Root: आतिथ्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, प्रथमा/द्वितीया; भाववाचक संज्ञा (hospitality/entertainment of a guest)

Entities Mentioned

• foreign merchants
• domestic merchants
• state officials (reception/customs)

More Details

FAQs

What is the policy intent of providing hospitality to both external and internal groups?

To encourage commerce and orderly movement by reducing friction at entry points and within the realm, while keeping interactions legible to the state.