Sutra 29

Devanagari script

ततः सार्थमध्यक्षोऽभिगम्य ब्रूयात् इदममुष्यामुष्य च सारभाण्डं फल्गुभाण्डं च न निहूहितव्यमेष राज्ञः प्रभावः इति ॥ कZ_०२.२१.२९ ॥

Transliteration

tataḥ sārtham adhyakṣo'bhigamya brūyāt: idam amuṣyāmuṣya ca sārabhāṇḍaṃ phalgubhāṇḍaṃ ca na nihūhitavyam; eṣa rājñaḥ prabhāvaḥ iti

Translation

Then the superintendent, approaching the caravan, should declare: ‘These are the prime goods and the minor goods belonging to so-and-so; they must not be concealed. This is the king’s power (effective reach).’

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Pronoun/Adverb
• Root: तद्
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्/ततः = ‘thereupon, then’ (ablatival adverb)

• सार्थम्: the caravan
• Type: Noun
• Root: सार्थ
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया (कर्म)

• अध्यक्षः: the superintendent
• Type: Noun (agent noun/title)
• Root: अधि+ईक्ष् (ईक्ष्)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा (कर्ता)

• अभिगम्य: having approached
• Type: Verb (gerund)
• Root: अभि+गम्
• Form: क्त्वान्त (अव्ययभाव); ‘having approached’

• ब्रूयात्: should say
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative); परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष; एकवचन

• इदम्: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा/द्वितीया (contextually ‘this’)

• अमुष्याम्: in that (woman) / in her
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अदस्
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग; एकवचन; सप्तमी (locative)

• अमुष्य: of that (man/thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अदस्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; षष्ठी (genitive)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• सारभाण्डम्: valuable goods
• Type: Noun
• Root: सारभाण्ड
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; सार + भाण्ड

• फल्गुभाण्डम्: low-value goods
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल्गुभाण्ड
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; द्वितीया; फल्गु + भाण्ड

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक अव्यय

• न: not
• Type: Particle
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधार्थक अव्यय

• निहूहितव्यम्: must not be concealed
• Type: Verbal derivative (gerundive)
• Root: नि+हू (हू)
• Form: तव्यत्-प्रत्ययान्त (कर्तव्यता/अनिवार्यता); नपुंसकलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा; ‘is not to be concealed’

• एषः: this
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: एतद्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा

• राज्ञः: of the king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; षष्ठी (genitive)

• प्रभावः: power, authority
• Type: Noun (action/result)
• Root: प्र+भू
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; एकवचन; प्रथमा

• इति: thus (quoting)
• Type: Quotative particle
• Root: इति
• Form: उद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय

Entities Mentioned

• śulkādhyakṣa/adhyakṣa
• king
• caravan merchants

More Details

FAQs

Why explicitly name owners and categories during inspection?

It converts private knowledge into public record at the checkpoint, increasing the social and legal cost of concealment and enabling later audits.