Sutra 15

Devanagari script

तस्माद्विक्रयः पण्यानां धृतो मितो गणितो वा कार्यः तर्कः फल्गुभाण्डानामानुग्राहिकाणां च ॥ कZ_०२.२१.१५ ॥

Transliteration

tasmād vikrayaḥ paṇyānāṃ dhṛto mito gaṇito vā kāryaḥ tarkaḥ phalgubhāṇḍānām ānugrāhikāṇāṃ ca

Translation

Therefore, sales of goods shall be conducted only after holding, measuring, or counting them; and scrutiny shall be applied to inferior/empty goods and to those acting as helpers/assistants in the sale.

Word by Word

• तस्मात्: therefore; from that (reason)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: ablative singular (पञ्चमी एकवचन), masculine/neuter; pronominal stem

• विक्रयः: sale; selling
• Type: Noun (action noun)
• Root: वि√क्री (क्रीणाति)
• Form: nominative singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), masculine; deverbal noun in -a (विक्रय)

• पण्यानाम्: of commodities; of saleable goods
• Type: Noun
• Root: पण्य
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), neuter

• धृतः: fixed; kept (under control)
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √धृ (धरति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine (प्रथमा एकवचन पुं), agreeing with विक्रयः

• मितः: measured
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √मा (मिमीते/माति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine; agreeing with विक्रयः

• गणितः: counted; calculated
• Type: Participle (verbal adjective)
• Root: √गण् (गणयति)
• Form: past passive participle, nominative singular masculine; agreeing with विक्रयः

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: indeclinable; disjunctive

• कार्यः: should be done; must be carried out
• Type: Gerundive (verbal adjective)
• Root: √कृ (करोति)
• Form: future passive participle/gerundive, nominative singular masculine; predicate adjective to विक्रयः ("is to be done")

• तर्कः: examination; checking; scrutiny
• Type: Noun
• Root: तर्क
• Form: nominative singular (प्रथमा एकवचन), masculine

• फल्गु-भाण्डानाम्: of inferior/defective goods
• Type: Noun (compound)
• Root: फल्गु + भाण्ड
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), neuter; compound qualifying the goods/wares

• आनुग्राहिकाणाम्: of those entitled to assistance/favor; of beneficiaries
• Type: Adjective/Noun
• Root: आनुग्राहिक
• Form: genitive plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), masculine/neuter (contextually qualifying persons/things connected with assistance)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: indeclinable; conjunctive

Entities Mentioned

• seller/merchant
• assistants/brokers (ānugrāhika)
• market inspector (implicit)

More Details

FAQs

What administrative control is prescribed for routine sales?

Mandatory verification—by handling, measuring, or counting—plus targeted scrutiny of low-grade goods and intermediaries who may enable fraud.