Sutra 48

Devanagari script

ग्रीष्मे जनयतः पूर्वं पञ्चाब्दान्ते च पश्चिमम् ॥ कZ_०२.२०.६६च्द् ॥

Transliteration

grīṣme janayataḥ pūrvaṃ pañcābdānte ca paścimam

Translation

The intercalation is generated in summer: first (an earlier insertion) and, at the end of the five-year cycle, a later one.

Word by Word

• ग्रीष्मे: in summer
• Type: Noun
• Root: ग्रीष्म
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)

• जनयतः: they/these two produce, generate
• Type: Verb
• Root: √जन् (जनयति)
• Form: लट्; परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुष; द्विवचन (कारक-सम्बन्धः: कर्तरि)

• पूर्वम्: first; earlier; in the east (context-dependent)
• Type: Adverb
• Root: पूर्व
• Form: अव्यय (काल/क्रमवाचक)

• पञ्च: five
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्च
• Form: संख्यावाचक (अव्यय-प्रयोगः)

• अब्दान्ते: at the end of the year
• Type: Noun
• Root: अब्दान्त
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)

• च: and
• Type: Particle
• Root: च
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-अव्यय

• पश्चिमम्: later; in the west (context-dependent)
• Type: Adverb
• Root: पश्चिम
• Form: अव्यय (दिक्/क्रमवाचक)

Entities Mentioned

• Grīṣma
• five-year cycle (yuga)

More Details

FAQs

Why specify when intercalation occurs (e.g., in Grīṣma)?

To ensure uniform adoption across the realm, preventing disputes over due dates, interest calculations, and tax/payment schedules.