Sutra 40

Devanagari script

तस्यापिहितकाचकस्योदके निमज्जत एकदेशः सीदति पटलान्तरेषु वा सूच्या भिद्यते ॥ ॥

Transliteration

tasyāpihitakācakasya udake nimajjata ekadeśaḥ sīdati paṭalāntareṣu vā sūcyā bhidyate

Translation

For that object sealed with a glass cover: when immersed in water, one part sinks; or, between the layers it is pierced with a needle (to test).

Word by Word

• तस्य: of that (object/thing)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम् (पुं/नपुं), सर्वनाम

• अपिहित: covered, closed, shut
• Type: Participle
• Root: अपि-धा (√धा)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्गे प्रथमा-एकवचनम् (समासपूर्वपदत्वेन)

• काचकस्य: of the glass(-covered vessel/object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: काचक
• Form: षष्ठी-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग (समासान्तपद)

• उदके: in water
• Type: Noun
• Root: उदक
• Form: सप्तमी-एकवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• निमज्जतः: while (it) sinks / of (it) sinking
• Type: Participle
• Root: नि-मज्ज्
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), षष्ठी-एकवचनम्, पुं/नपुं; ‘तस्य … निमज्जतः’ = ‘while it is sinking’

• एकदेशः: one part, a portion
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकदेश
• Form: प्रथमा-एकवचनम्, पुंलिङ्ग

• सीदति: sinks down, settles
• Type: Verb
• Root: सद्
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, परस्मैपदम्

• पटलान्तरेषु: in/among the interstices between layers/films
• Type: Noun
• Root: पटल-अन्तर
• Form: सप्तमी-बहुवचनम्, नपुंसकलिङ्ग

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: विकल्पार्थक-अव्यय

• सूच्या: with a needle
• Type: Noun
• Root: सूची
• Form: तृतीया-एकवचनम्, स्त्रीलिङ्ग

• भिद्यते: is pierced / gets pierced
• Type: Verb
• Root: भिद्
• Form: लट्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्, आत्मनेपदम् (कर्मणि/मध्यभावे प्रयोगः)

Entities Mentioned

• glass cover/seal
• water immersion test
• needle probe

More Details

FAQs

What is the administrative value of simple physical tests like immersion and probing?

They are quick, low-cost, and reproducible—ideal for routine enforcement by inspectors without specialized equipment.