Sutra 56

Devanagari script

इत्युपायचतुर्वर्गः ॥ कZ_०९.६.५६ ॥

Transliteration

ity upāya-caturvargaḥ.

Translation

Thus (is stated) the fourfold set of policy instruments (upāyas).

Word by Word

• इति: thus; so; in this manner (end of quotation/statement)
• Type: Particle
• Root: इति
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्यसमाप्तिसूचक/उद्धरणसमाप्तिसूचक

• उपाय: means; expedient; strategy
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपाय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन (समासपूर्वपद)

• चतुः: four
• Type: Numeral/Adjective
• Root: चतुर्
• Form: विशेषण; (समासपूर्वपद) ‘चतुर्’ का समासरूप ‘चतुः-’

• वर्गः: group; set; classification
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ग
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-एकवचन

Entities Mentioned

• upāya-catuṣṭaya (four upāyas)

More Details

FAQs

What are the four upāyas referred to here?

Sāma (conciliation), dāna (concessions/incentives), bheda (division/splitting), and daṇḍa (coercion/punishment/force).