Sutra 25
Devanagari script
अत्युष्णोपक्षीणे काले हस्तिबलप्रायो यायात् ॥ कZ_०९.१.४५ ॥
Transliteration
atyuṣṇopakṣīṇe kāle hastibalaprāyo yāyāt
Translation
In a time that is extremely hot and drying, one should march with a force mainly composed of elephants.
Word by Word
अत्युष्णोपक्षीणेwhen the time is excessively hot and has become enfeebling/weakening
अत्युष्णोपक्षीणे:
TypeAdjective (participial)
Rootउप-क्षि
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम् (अधिकरणे); नपुंसकलिङ्गे (काले इति पदेन सह); उपक्षीण = क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (PPP) ‘क्षीण/क्षीणित’; अत्युष्ण = अव्यय ‘अति’ + उष्ण (विशेषण)
कालेin (such) time/season
काले:
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
Formसप्तमी-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गः; अधिकरणम्
हस्तिबलप्रायः(one) having an army mostly of elephants / with elephant-force predominant
हस्तिबलप्रायः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राय
Formप्रथमा-एकवचनम्; पुंलिङ्गः; ‘हस्तिबलस्य प्रायः’ = ‘mostly consisting of elephant-force’; कर्तृविशेषणम् (यायात् इत्यस्य)
यायात्should march / should proceed
यायात्:
TypeVerb
Rootया
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपदम्; प्रथमपुरुषः एकवचनम्; लोट्-अर्थे विधानम् ‘should go/march’
Entities Mentioned
H
hasti-bala (elephant corps)FAQs
Because operational endurance, mobility, and health of men/animals depend on water and temperature; force-mix must match ecological constraints.