Agni Purana — Kosha, Shloka 9
Adhyāya 361 — अव्ययवर्गः
Avyaya-vargaḥ) — The Section on Indeclinables (Colophon/Closure
विन्यस्तसंहतौ व्यूढौ कृष्णो व्यासे ऽर्जुने हरौ पणो दूयतादिषूत्सृष्टे भृतौ मूल्ये धने ऽपि च
vinyastasaṃhatau vyūḍhau kṛṣṇo vyāse 'rjune harau paṇo dūyatādiṣūtsṛṣṭe bhṛtau mūlye dhane 'pi ca
The terms vinyasta and saṃhata mean “arranged/placed”; vyūḍha means “arrayed in formation.” “Kṛṣṇa” is a name applied to Vyāsa, to Arjuna, and to Hari (Viṣṇu). “Paṇa” denotes a stake or wager in gambling and the like; it also signifies payment/wages, price/value, and wealth.
Lord Agni (instructing Vasiṣṭha in an encyclopedic glossary section)
Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Alamkara","secondary_vidya":"Vyakarana","practical_application":"Kośa/nighaṇṭu-style semantic disambiguation for correct reading, commentary, and composition; choosing the intended sense of polysemous words in poetry, narrative, and legal/ritual contexts.","sutra_style":true}
Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Polysemy list: vinyasta/saṃhata/vyūḍha; Kṛṣṇa; paṇa","lookup_keywords":["vinyasta","saṃhata","vyūḍha","Kṛṣṇa (name)","paṇa (wager/price)"],"quick_summary":"Gives kośa-style meanings: arrangement terms (vinyasta/saṃhata/vyūḍha), the name ‘Kṛṣṇa’ as applied to Vyāsa/Arjuna/Hari, and ‘paṇa’ as wager, wages, price/value, and wealth—useful for resolving context in texts."}
Alamkara Type: Shlesha
Concept: Śabda-śakti and contextual determination of meaning (vivakṣā) in polysemous terms.
Application: Avoids misreading in śāstra and kāvya by selecting meaning via context (prakaraṇa), collocation, and domain (gambling, commerce, warfare, theology).
Khanda Section: Sahitya-shastra (Lexicography / Synonyms / Nighaṇṭu-style vocabulary)
Primary Rasa: Adbhuta
Secondary Rasa: Shanta
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A learned paṇḍita points to a palm-leaf lexicon listing multiple meanings; beside him appear small vignettes: a troop formation (vyūḍha), three figures labeled Kṛṣṇa (Vyāsa, Arjuna, Hari), and a gambling stake/coins representing paṇa as wager and price.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala temple mural palette, a seated scholar with palm-leaf manuscript, stylized side-panels showing a battle formation diagram, Vyāsa with matted hair, Arjuna with bow, and Hari with conch-discus; coins and dice for paṇa; flat decorative background.","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting with gold leaf: central Sarasvatī-like scholarly setting with manuscript; gilded halos for Hari, Arjuna, Vyāsa in small medallions; ornate coins/dice and a formation grid; rich reds and greens.","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style instructional illustration: clean linework of a lexicon page with headings vinyasta/saṃhata/vyūḍha, and labeled mini-icons for each sense; muted colors, emphasis on clarity.","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature: court scholar presenting a glossary to a patron; marginal vignettes of soldiers in formation, a gambler placing a stake, and three ‘Kṛṣṇa’ figures; fine detailing, architectural interior."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Shankarabharanam","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: ऽ = अ (अवग्रह): व्यासेऽर्जुने → व्यासे अर्जुने; धनेऽपि → धने अपि. दिषूत्सृष्टे → दिषु उत्सृष्टे.
Related Themes: Agni Purana Sahitya-śāstra kośa/nighaṇṭu sections around 361; Agni Purana Dhanurveda: vyūha/formation terminology (elsewhere in Dhanurveda khanda)
FAQs
This verse imparts śabdārtha-vidyā (technical word-meaning knowledge): it defines key Sanskrit terms used in literature, warfare descriptions (vyūḍha), and social/economic contexts (paṇa as wager, wages, and price).
By functioning like a compact lexicon, it standardizes multiple domain-specific meanings—military (battle array), literary/onomastic (names like Kṛṣṇa), and economic (wager/wages/value/wealth)—showing the Purana’s reference-manual character beyond purely devotional narration.
Its significance is indirect: correct understanding of terms supports accurate recitation, interpretation, and application of dharma and śāstra; clarity in meaning prevents error (doṣa) in study and practice.