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Shloka 12

Jaṭilāvatāra-Parīkṣā: Pārvatyāḥ Tapasāṃ Parīkṣaṇam

The Jaṭilā Episode and the Testing of Pārvatī’s Austerity

शंभुर्निरीक्ष्य तान्देवीं ब्रह्मचारिस्वरूपवान् । उपकण्ठं ययौ प्रीत्या चोत्सुकी भक्तवत्सलः

śaṃbhurnirīkṣya tāndevīṃ brahmacārisvarūpavān | upakaṇṭhaṃ yayau prītyā cotsukī bhaktavatsalaḥ

Śambhu, nachdem er die Göttin erblickt hatte, nahm die Gestalt eines zölibatären Asketen an, der Brahmacarya wahrt. In liebender Freude und mit sehnsüchtigem Herzen trat er—der zarte Beschützer seiner Bhaktas—nahe zu ihr.

शम्भुःŚambhu (Śiva)
शम्भुः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootशम्भु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
निरीक्ष्यhaving looked at
निरीक्ष्य:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootनि + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त—ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), ‘having looked’
तान्those
तान्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; (समूह/जनान्)
देवीम्the goddess
देवीम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
ब्रह्मचारिcelibate student
ब्रह्मचारि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचारिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रातिपदिक-पूर्वपद (in compound)
स्वरूपवान्having the form/appearance
स्वरूपवान्:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व + रूप + वत् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (स्वरूपं यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शम्भुं विशेषयति
उपकण्ठम्near (close by)
उपकण्ठम्:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउपकण्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययीभाववत् क्रियाविशेषण-प्रयोग; द्वितीया-एकवचनरूपेण ‘near/close by’ (as adverb)
ययौwent
ययौ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
Formलिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
प्रीत्याwith affection
प्रीत्या:
Karaṇa/Hetu (करण/हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental), एकवचन; हेतौ/भावे (with affection)
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय
उत्सुकीeager
उत्सुकी:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्सुकिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शम्भुं विशेषयति
भक्तवत्सलःaffectionate to devotees
भक्तवत्सलः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootभक्त + वत्सल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (भक्तेषु वत्सलः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; शम्भुं विशेषयति

Suta Goswami (narrating to the sages at Naimisharanya)

Tattva Level: pati

Shiva Form: Bhikṣāṭana

Sthala Purana: Not a Jyotirliṅga account; the focus is Śiva’s self-veiling (disguise as brahmacārī) as a narrative device to elicit Devī’s response and reveal divine intent.

Significance: Highlights Śiva as bhaktavatsala—approachable and responsive—supporting the devotional ideal that the Lord comes near (upakaṇṭha) to the sincere seeker.

Shakti Form: Pārvatī

Role: teaching

Cosmic Event: Divine concealment (tirodhāna) enacted as līlā: Śiva assumes an ascetic guise to regulate revelation and deepen the devotee’s maturation.

S
Shiva
P
Parvati

FAQs

It highlights Śiva’s freedom to assume forms (saguṇa līlā) for the sake of devotees and dharma—showing that the Supreme Pati approaches the soul (Devī as Śakti) with affection, making divine grace accessible through bhakti.

Though Śiva is ultimately nirguṇa, this verse emphasizes his saguṇa, approachable aspect—central to Purāṇic worship. The same compassionate Lord is worshipped as the Liṅga (form beyond form) and also as the personal Deity who enacts līlās to bless devotees.

The takeaway is bhakti with inner brahmacarya (discipline): japa of the Pañcākṣarī “Om Namaḥ Śivāya,” accompanied by Śiva-dhyāna; optionally supported by Tripuṇḍra (bhasma) and Rudrākṣa as aids to steadiness and devotion.