Shloka 21

Sarga 93: Rāvaṇa’s Grief and Fury after Indrajit’s Fall; Move to Slay Vaidehī and Ministerial Restraint

Devanagari script

तस्यप्रकृत्यारक्ते च रक्तेक्रोथानगिनापि च ।।।।रावणस्यमहाघोरेदीप्तेनेत्रेबभूवतुः ।

Transliteration

tasya prakṛtyā rakte ca rakte krodhāgninā 'pi ca |

rāvaṇasya mahāghore dīpte netre babhūvatuḥ ||

Translation

Rāvaṇas Augen, von Natur aus rot, wurden unter dem Feuer des Zorns noch röter und loderten in schrecklicher Heftigkeit.

Word by Word

• तस्य: of him
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; "of him"

• प्रकृत्या: by nature
• प्रकृत्या: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental "by nature"

• रक्ते: red
• रक्ते: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; predicate adjective agreeing with नेत्रे: "(two) red"

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/ conjunction

• रक्ते: red
• रक्ते: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रक्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; repetition for emphasis

• क्रोधानग्निना: by the fire of anger
• क्रोधानग्निना: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रोध+अनग्नि/अग्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: क्रोधस्य अग्निः; instrumental "by the fire of anger"

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात; "also/even"

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय/ conjunction

• रावणस्य: of Rāvaṇa
• रावणस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; "of Rāvaṇa"

• महाघोरे: very dreadful
• महाघोरे: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महान्+घोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; कर्मधारय: महान्ति घोराणि; agrees with नेत्रे

• दीप्ते: blazing
• दीप्ते: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दीप्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √दीप्)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; kta/ppp adjective: "blazing"

• नेत्रे: (two) eyes
• नेत्रे: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नेत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, द्विवचन; subject

• बभूवतुः: became/were
• बभूवतुः: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √भू (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परोक्शभूत/Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, द्विवचन, परस्मैपद; "became/were"

Context

By nature, Ravana's eyes are red, through the fire of anger it was even more red glowing and very dreadful.

Characters & Entities

• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma requires governing one’s senses and impulses; anger visibly alters perception, symbolized by the frightening, blazing eyes.

What is the narrative situation?

The poet describes Rāvaṇa’s bodily signs of rage as it escalates after the bereavement.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Self-restraint (indriya-nigraha) is emphasized indirectly through the depiction of its absence.