Shloka 43

प्रहस्तनिर्याणम्

Prahasta’s Departure and the Muster of the Rakshasa Host

Devanagari script

अथघोषस्सुतुमुलोहरीणांसमजायत ।वृक्षानारुजतांचैवगुर्वीरागृह्णतांशिलाः ।।।।

Transliteration

atha ghoṣaḥ sutumulo harīṇāṁ samajāyata | vṛkṣān ārujatāṁ caiva gurvīr āgṛhṇatāṁ śilāḥ ||

Translation

Da erhob sich unter den Vānara ein gewaltiger Aufruhr: Sie rissen Bäume aus und ergriffen schwere Felsen, um sie im Kampf zu schleudern.

Word by Word

• nadatām: of those shouting
• nadatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √nad (कृदन्त, धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ) in Genitive Plural (षष्ठी बहुवचन), Masculine; ‘of those shouting’

• rākṣasānām: of the Rakshasas
• rākṣasānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• vānarāṇām: of the monkeys
• vānarāṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• garjatām: of those roaring
• garjatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √garj (कृदन्त, धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ) in Genitive Plural, Masculine; ‘of those roaring’

• ubhe: both
• ubhe: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ubha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual (द्विवचन); qualifying sainye

• pramudite: rejoicing, delighted
• pramudite: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pramudita (कृदन्त, √mud धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Neuter, Nominative, Dual; qualifying sainye

• sainye: the two armies
• sainye: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sainya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Dual

• rakṣogaṇa-vanaukasām: of the Rakshasa hosts and the forest-dwellers
• rakṣogaṇa-vanaukasām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rakṣogaṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + vanaukas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; द्वन्द्व (itaretara): ‘Rakshasa-hosts’ + ‘forest-dwellers (monkeys)’

• vegitānām: of the impetuous, swift
• vegitānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vegita (कृदन्त, √veg/√vij?; from vega ‘speed’)
• Form: Neuter/Masculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; qualifying (rakṣogaṇa-vanaukasām)

• samarthānām: of the capable, strong
• samarthānām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: samartha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural

• anyonya-vadha-kāṅkṣiṇām: of those desiring to kill one another
• anyonya-vadha-kāṅkṣiṇām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anyonya (प्रातिपदिक) + vadha (प्रातिपदिक) + kāṅkṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural; multi-member तत्पुरुष: ‘mutual’ + ‘slaughter’ + ‘desiring’

• parasparam: mutually, each other
• parasparam: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: paraspara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Avyaya (अव्यय), adverbial usage

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• āhvayatām: of those challenging
• āhvayatām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√hve (कृदन्त, धातु)
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ) in Genitive Plural, Masculine; ‘of those challenging/calling’

• ninādaḥ: roar, din
• ninādaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nināda (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• śrūyate: is heard
• śrūyate: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √śru (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person, Singular, Ātmanepada; passive sense ‘is heard’

• mahān: great, huge
• mahān: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; qualifying ninādaḥ

Context

And when the monkeys took hold of heavy rocks and trees for fighting exceedingly tumultuous clamor arose.

Characters & Entities

• Monkeys (harayaḥ)
• Trees (vṛkṣa)
• Rocks (śilā)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Resourcefulness in righteous service: the Vānaras transform what is available (trees and stones) into instruments of defense, showing steadfast support for dharma.

What is the narrative situation?

The monkey army prepares to engage Prahasta’s forces, arming themselves with natural weapons and raising a great battle-cry.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Zeal and readiness to act—energetic commitment to the righteous cause despite limited conventional arms.