Shloka 40

युद्धलक्षण-निमित्तदर्शनं तथा लङ्काद्वारव्यूहः

War Omens and the Encirclement of Lanka’s Gates

Devanagari script

हनुमान् पश्चिमद्वारंररक्षबलवान्कपिः ।प्रमाथिप्रषुभ्यांचवीरैरन्यैश्चसङ्गतः ।।6.41.40।।

Transliteration

hanumān paścimadvāraṃ rarakṣa balavān kapiḥ |

pramāthipraṣubhyāṃ ca vīrair anyaiś ca saṅgataḥ || 6.41.40 ||

Translation

Hanumān, der mächtige Affe, bewachte das Westtor, vereint mit den Helden Pramāthi und Praṣu sowie mit anderen Kriegern.

Word by Word

• हनुमान्: Hanuman
• हनुमान्: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हनुमत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• पश्चिमद्वारम्: the western gate
• पश्चिमद्वारम्: कर्म (Karma/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पश्चिम + द्वार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular)

• ररक्ष: protected
• ररक्ष: क्रिया (Kriyā/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रक्ष् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), परस्मैपद

• बलवान्: mighty
• बलवान्: कर्ता-विशेषण (Agent-qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बलवत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); विशेषण (adjective) हनुमान्/कपिः प्रति

• कपिः: the monkey (chief)
• कपिः: कर्ता (Karta/Agent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); हनुमान् इति समानाधिकरण (apposition)

• प्रमाथिप्रषुभ्याम्: with Pramathi and Praśu
• प्रमाथिप्रषुभ्याम्: सहकारक/सहयोग (Sahakāraka/Association; instrumental of accompaniment)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रमाथि + प्रषु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), द्विवचन (Dual)

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• वीरैः: with heroes
• वीरैः: सहकारक/सहयोग (Sahakāraka/Association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वीर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural)

• अन्यैः: other
• अन्यैः: सहकारक-विशेषण (Qualifier of accompaniment)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural); विशेषण (adjective) वीरैः प्रति

• च: and
• च: सम्बन्ध (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• सङ्गतः: joined/united (with)
• सङ्गतः: कर्तृ-विशेषण/भाव (Predicate of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + गम् (धातु) → सङ्गत (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); कर्तरि प्रयोगे विशेषणम् (predicate adjective) हनुमान् प्रति

Context

Sugriva chief of all army and best of the monkey army who was equal to Garuda of beautiful wings, endowed with wind speed remained in the middle (of north and west) post.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Pramāthi
• Laṅkā

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is selfless service: Hanumān uses his power in protection of the righteous cause, coordinated with comrades.

What is the narrative situation?

The western gate is secured by Hanumān and allied heroes as part of the complete encirclement of Laṅkā.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Hanumān’s devotion and vigilance—strength guided by loyalty and duty.