Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 32, Shloka 35

सीताविलापः

Sītā’s Lament over the Illusory Head and Bow

Devanagari script

विजयस्वार्यपुत्रेतिसोऽभिवाद्यप्रसाद्यच ।न्यवेदयदनुप्राप्तंप्रहस्तंवाहिनीपतिम् ।।6.32.35।।

Transliteration

vijayasva āryaputra iti so ’bhivādya prasādya ca |

nyavedayad anuprāptaṃ prahastaṃ vāhinīpatim ||6.32.35||

Translation

Ihn grüßend mit: „Sieg dir, edler Fürstensohn“, und ehrerbietig huldigend, meldete er: „Prahasta, der Heerführer, ist eingetroffen.“

Word by Word

• विजयस्व: be victorious
• विजयस्व: Kriyā (क्रिया/benediction)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ji (धातु)
• Form: Loṭ-lakāra (imperative), Madhyama-puruṣa, Ekavacana, Ātmanepada; 'be victorious'

• आर्यपुत्र: O noble prince
• आर्यपुत्र: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ārya-putra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (karmadhāraya sense), Puṃliṅga, Sambodhana, Ekavacana

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iti (अव्यय)
• Form: Quotation marker

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana

• अभिवाद्य: having saluted
• अभिवाद्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: abhi + vad (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive (gerund): 'having saluted/greeted'

• प्रसाद्य: having pleased
• प्रसाद्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: pra + sad (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्)
• Form: Absolutive (gerund): 'having pleased/propitiated'

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• न्यवेदयत्: announced
• न्यवेदयत्: Kriyā (क्रिया/predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni + vid (धातु) (causative sense: nivedayati)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (imperfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana, Parasmaipada; 'reported'

• अनुप्राप्तम्: arrived
• अनुप्राप्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: anu + prāp (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Kta-participle, Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; qualifying 'prahastam'

• प्रहस्तम्: Prahastha
• प्रहस्तम्: Karma (कर्म/object of reporting)
• Type: Noun
• Root: prahasta (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• वाहिनीपतिम्: commander of the army
• वाहिनीपतिम्: Karma (कर्म/object-apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāhinī (प्रातिपदिक) + pati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa: vāhinyāḥ patiḥ; Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana; apposition to 'prahastam'

Context

The Rakshasa (guard) greeted the king saying, "Let you be victorious!" and announced reverentially, "Prahastha, the army chief has arrived."

Characters & Entities

• Prahasta
• Rākṣasa (guard/messenger)
• Rāvaṇa (addressed as āryaputra in this courtly usage)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse foregrounds formal speech and hierarchy; it can be used to discuss how dharma requires discernment—courtesy and obedience are not substitutes for moral truth (satya).

What is the narrative situation?

A guard formally announces to Rāvaṇa that Prahasta, the army commander, has come.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Respectful conduct and clarity in communication (messenger’s role), reflecting disciplined court practice.