Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 125, Shloka 9

पुष्पकारोहणम्

Boarding the Puṣpaka; Honoring the Allies and Departure for Ayodhyā

Devanagari script

हीनंरतिगुणैस्सर्वैरभिहन्तारमाहवे ।सेनात्यजतिसम्विग्नानृपतिंतंनरेश्वरा ।।6.125.9।।

Transliteration

hīnaṃ rati-guṇaiḥ sarvair abhihantāram āhave |

senā tyajati saṃvignā nṛpatiṃ taṃ nareśvarā ||6.125.9||

Translation

O Herr unter den Königen, ein Heer, in Angst versetzt, verlässt jenen König, dem alle Tugenden fehlen und der im Krieg nur noch ein Vernichter ist.

Word by Word

• हीनम्: devoid/inferior
• हीनम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hīna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying नृपतिम्

• रतिगुणैः: in virtues/qualities
• रतिगुणैः: करण (Instrument/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rati-guṇa (प्रातिपदिक; रति + गुण)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'रतयः (रमणीयाः) गुणाः' / 'pleasing virtues' (context: virtues)

• सर्वैः: all
• सर्वैः: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sarva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया, बहुवचन; agreeing with गुणैः

• अभिहन्तारम्: slayer/one who strikes down
• अभिहन्तारम्: कर्म-विशेषण (Object qualifier/कर्मविशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: abhi-han (धातु) + tṛ (कृत्)
• Form: तृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (agent noun), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; qualifying नृपतिम्

• आहवे: in battle
• आहवे: अधिकरण (Location/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: āhava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• सेना: the army
• सेना: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: senā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• त्यजति: abandons
• त्यजति: क्रिया (Predicate/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: tyaj (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• संविग्ना: alarmed/distressed
• संविग्ना: कर्ता-विशेषण (Subject qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-vij (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त used adjectivally, स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; qualifying सेना

• नृपतिम्: king
• नृपतिम्: कर्म (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nṛpati (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• तम्: that
• तम्: विशेषण (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; demonstrative pronoun qualifying नृपतिम्

• नरेश्वर: O lord of men
• नरेश्वर: सम्बोधन (Address/सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: nara-īśvara (प्रातिपदिक; नर + ईश्वर)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष: 'नराणाम् ईश्वरः' (lord of men)

Context

"These forest rangers, all of them have struggled and accomplished success. Reward them with wealth and gems."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Vibhīṣaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Power without virtue collapses: rājadharma demands moral qualities, otherwise even loyal forces withdraw support.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāma warns Vibhīṣaṇa that governance must be grounded in virtue; otherwise followers lose confidence and leave.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Guṇa-sampat (possession of virtues) as the foundation of legitimate authority, beyond mere martial success.