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Shloka 1

रावणस्य अन्त्येष्टिः

Ravana’s Funeral Rites and the Ethics of Post-War Conduct

तासांविलपमानानांतदाराक्षसयोषिताम् ।ज्येष्ठापत्नीप्रियाजीनाभर्तारंसमुदैक्षत ।।।।

tāsāṃ vilapamānānāṃ tadā rākṣasayoṣitām |

jyeṣṭhā patnī priyā dīnā bhartāraṃ samudaikṣata ||

Während jene Rākṣasa-Frauen klagten, blickte die älteste Gemahlin – geliebt und von Kummer gebeugt – auf ihren Gatten.

तासाम्of those (women)
तासाम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/सम्बन्ध), बहुवचन (Plural), स्त्रीलिङ्ग-सम्बद्ध (refers to feminine group)
विलपमानानाम्of (those) lamenting
विलपमानानाम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविलप् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present active participle), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग-सम्बद्ध
तदाthen
तदा:
Kāla-adhikaraṇa (काल-अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (temporal adverb)
राक्षसयोषिताम्of the rākṣasa-women
राक्षसयोषिताम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootराक्षस (प्रातिपदिक) + योषित् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-तत्पुरुष समास (genitive determinative: 'of rakshasas' + 'women'), षष्ठी (Genitive), बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग
ज्येष्ठाthe eldest
ज्येष्ठा:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootज्येष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier)
पत्नीwife
पत्नी:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootपत्नी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (Nominative), एकवचन
प्रियाdear (beloved)
प्रिया:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
दीनाwretched, pitiable
दीना:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण
भर्तारम्husband
भर्तारम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootभर्तृ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (Accusative/कर्म), एकवचन
समुदैक्षतlooked at, gazed upon
समुदैक्षत:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + उद् + ईक्ष् (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/past), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन

Then from among the wives lamenting, the first wife, dear to Ravana gazed at her husband lamenting piteously.

R
Rāvaṇa
R
rākṣasa women

FAQs

Dharma is illuminated indirectly: private suffering follows public wrongdoing. The epic shows how adharma harms not only the doer but also dependents and family.

A shift of focus occurs among the lamenting women: the senior queen, overcome with grief, fixes her gaze upon her fallen husband.

Steadfast attachment and the solemnity of marital bond are foregrounded—her attention remains on her husband even in ruin.