Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 15

रावणवधोत्तरं विभीषणशोकः—क्षत्रधर्मोपदेशः

Vibhishana’s Lament after Ravana’s Fall; Instruction on Kshatriya-Dharma

नायंविनष्टोनिश्चेष्टस्समरेचण्डविक्रमः ।अत्युन्नतमहोत्साहःपतितोऽयमशङ्कितः ।।।।

nāyaṃ vinaṣṭo niśceṣṭaḥ samare caṇḍavikramaḥ |

atyunnatamahotsāhaḥ patito 'yam aśaṅkitaḥ ||

Er ist nicht gefallen wie einer, der zugrunde ging und kraftlos wurde; im Krieg war er von grimmiger Tapferkeit, von hoch aufragendem Eifer, und er fiel ohne Furcht.

nanot
na:
Vākya-niṣedha (sentence negation)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
FormPratiṣedha-nipāta (negation/निषेध)
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता) (understood subject)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; sarvanāma (pronoun/सर्वनाम)
vinaṣṭaḥdestroyed
vinaṣṭaḥ:
Kriyā-samānādhikaraṇa (predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootvinaṣṭa (कृदन्त, √naś with vi-; past participle)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त
niśceṣṭaḥmotionless, powerless
niśceṣṭaḥ:
Kriyā-samānādhikaraṇa (predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootniśceṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana
samarein battle
samare:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootsamara (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Saptamī Ekavacana
caṇḍa-vikramaḥof fierce valor
caṇḍa-vikramaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of ayam
TypeAdjective
Rootcaṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + vikrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; कर्मधारयः—"चण्डः विक्रमः यस्य"
aty-unnata-mahā-utsāhaḥof exceedingly lofty great energy
aty-unnata-mahā-utsāhaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of ayam
TypeAdjective
Rootati (अव्यय) + unnata (कृदन्त, √nam with ud-) + mahā (प्रातिपदिक) + utsāha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; बहुव्रीहिः—"यस्य अत्युन्नतः महोत्साहः"
patitaḥfallen
patitaḥ:
Kriyā-samānādhikaraṇa (predicative)
TypeAdjective
Rootpatita (कृदन्त, √pat; past participle)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; क्त-प्रत्ययान्त
ayamthis (one)
ayam:
Karta (कर्ता) (re-emphasis)
TypeNoun
Rootidam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana
aśaṅkitaḥunafraid
aśaṅkitaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण) of ayam
TypeAdjective
Rootaśaṅkita (कृदन्त, √śaṅk; past participle with a- negation)
FormPuṃliṅga, Prathamā Ekavacana; नञ्-समास/निषेध—"अशङ्कितः" = unafraid

"This Ravana is not destroyed without power in war. He is of terrible prowess, of extraordinary enthusiasm and fought without any fear and fallen."

R
Rāma
V
Vibhīṣaṇa

FAQs

Even an enemy who meets death bravely in battle is to be regarded through the lens of kṣatriya-dharma: courage and fearlessness are acknowledged, tempering hatred with fairness.

Rāma consoles Vibhīṣaṇa by reframing the death as a warrior’s fall, not a shameful collapse.

Rāma’s impartiality and magnanimity—he recognizes valor even in an adversary, aligning judgment with dharma rather than passion.