Shloka 140

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

तस्य साहाय्यमस्माभिः कार्यं सर्वात्मना त्विह।तेन प्रस्थापितस्तुभ्यं समीपमिह धर्मतः।।।।

Transliteration

tasya sāhāyyam asmābhiḥ kāryaṃ sarvātmanā tv iha | tena prasthāpitas tubhyaṃ samīpam iha dharmataḥ ||

Translation

Darum müssen wir ihm hier und jetzt mit all unserer Kraft beistehen. Aus diesem Grund bin ich rechtmäßig und gemäß dem Dharma in deine Gegenwart entsandt worden.

Word by Word

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन (Singular), पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masculine/Neuter) सर्वनाम

• sāhāyyam: help, assistance
• sāhāyyam: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sāhāyya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular)

• asmābhiḥ: by us
• asmābhiḥ: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन (Plural) सर्वनाम

• kāryam: to be done, necessary
• kāryam: Prayojya-bhāva (विधेय/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: kārya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया (1st/2nd Nom/Acc), एकवचन (Singular); विधेय-विशेषण (predicative adjective)

• sarvātmanā: entirely, with all one’s being
• sarvātmanā: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarva-ātman (प्रातिपदिक; components: sarva + ātman)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास; अव्ययवत् प्रयोगः; अर्थे—"सम्पूर्णतया" (adverbial: wholly)

• tu: but, indeed
• tu: Sambandha-bodhaka (सम्बन्ध-बोधक/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle), विरोध/अन्वयार्थ (contrast/emphasis)

• iha: here
• iha: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण/Locative sense)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• tena: by him, through him
• tena: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन (Singular) सर्वनाम

• prasthāpitaḥ: sent, dispatched
• prasthāpitaḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject) (of implied ‘he is sent’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-sthā (धातु) + kta (कृत् प्रत्यय)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन (Singular)

• tubhyam: to you
• tubhyam: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान/Recipient)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: चतुर्थी (4th/Dative), एकवचन (Singular) सर्वनाम

• samīpam: near, to the vicinity
• samīpam: Gati/Karma (गति/कर्म—goal of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: samīpa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन (Singular); गत्यर्थे (as goal)

• iha: here
• iha: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iha (अव्यय)
• Form: देशवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of place)

• dharmataḥ: righteously, according to dharma
• dharmataḥ: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण/Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: dharma (प्रातिपदिक) + tasil (तसिल्)
• Form: तसिलन्त-अव्यय (ablatival adverb): "धर्मात्" इत्यर्थे; manner/according to righteousness

Context

'We too have to help him in this task. So a message is sent to you on righteous grounds.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāma
• Sugrīva

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Righteous assistance and lawful diplomacy: Hanumān grounds his embassy in dharma—helping the wronged and approaching even an enemy through proper envoy conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān explains why he has come to Rāvaṇa: as part of the vānara alliance’s duty to assist Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Duty-bound service: acting not from personal impulse but from a dharmic mission and collective responsibility.