Shloka 130

सुन्दरकाण्डे अष्टपञ्चाशः सर्गः

हनुमद्वृत्तान्तकथनम्, सीताभिज्ञान-प्रदानम्, लङ्कादाह-वर्णनम्

Devanagari script

दृष्ट्वा सम्भाषितश्चाहं रावणेन दुरात्मना।।।।पृष्टश्च लङ्कागमनं राक्षसानां च तं वधम्।

Transliteration

dṛṣṭvā sambhāṣitaś cāhaṃ rāvaṇena durātmanā | pṛṣṭaś ca laṅkāgamanaṃ rākṣasānāṃ ca taṃ vadham ||

Translation

Als er mich sah, redete der bösherzige Rāvaṇa mit mir und fragte nach meinem Kommen nach Laṅkā und nach der Tötung jener Rākṣasas.

Word by Word

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभावः; धातु: दृश्; अर्थे: पूर्वकालिकक्रिया (having seen)

• सम्भाषितः: (I was) spoken to / conversed with
• सम्भाषितः: Karta (कर्ता) (with implied ‘अहम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-भाष् (धातु)
• Form: कृत्प्रत्यय: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोगे ‘I (was) spoken to / conversed’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष, प्रथमा (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन

• रावणेन: by Ravana
• रावणेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन (instrumental: by Ravana)

• दुरात्मना: by the wicked-souled (one)
• दुरात्मना: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दुरात्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन; विशेषणम् रावणस्य; समासः: दुर् + आत्मन् (कर्मधारय: wicked-souled)

• पृष्टः: (I was) asked
• पृष्टः: Karta (कर्ता) (with implied ‘अहम्’)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पृच्छ् (धातु)
• Form: कृत्प्रत्यय: क्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; ‘I was asked’ (with implied अहम्)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• लङ्कागमनम्: (about) the coming to Lanka
• लङ्कागमनम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लङ्का + गमन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; समासः षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः/उपपद-तत्पुरुषः: लङ्कायाः गमनम् (coming to Lanka)

• राक्षसानाम्: of the demons
• राक्षसानाम्: Sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राक्षस (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/षष्ठी), बहुवचन (genitive: of the demons)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय (conjunction)

• तम्: that / them
• तम्: Karma (कर्म) (with वधम्)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; निर्देशः (that/them)

• वधम्: killing
• वधम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन

Context

'O son! in the past, foremost of the mountains too had wings and they used to range at will all over the earth tormenting all.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Rāvaṇa
• Laṅkā
• Rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Accountability and truth in speech (satya): even before an adversary, the righteous messenger is prepared to explain actions and motives transparently.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān is brought before Rāvaṇa, who interrogates him regarding his entry into Laṅkā and the deaths of rākṣasas.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Satya (truthfulness) and readiness for reasoned dialogue under pressure.