Previous Verse

Shloka 46

हनूमदुपदेशः रावणस्य च कोपः

Hanuman’s Counsel to Ravana and Ravana’s Wrath

स सौष्ठवोपेतमदीनवादिनः कपेर्निशम्याप्रतिमोऽप्रियं वचः।दशाननः कोपविवृत्तलोचनः समादिशत्तस्य वधं महाकपेः।।।।

sa sauṣṭhavopetam adīnavādinaḥ kaper niśamyāpratimo ’priyaṃ vacaḥ |

daśānanaḥ kopavivṛtta-locanaḥ samādiśat tasya vadhaṃ mahākapeḥ ||

Als der unvergleichliche Zehnköpfige die unerfreulichen, doch wohlgefügten und unerschrockenen Worte jenes Affen vernahm, und seine Augen sich vor Zorn verdrehten, befahl er die Hinrichtung des großen Hanumān.

saḥhe (Ravana)
saḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (pronoun)
sauṣṭhava-upetamendowed with great skill
sauṣṭhava-upetam:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeAdjective
Rootsauṣṭhava (प्रातिपदिक) + upeta (कृदन्त, उप-इ √i/एति)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (सौष्ठवेन उपेतम् = endowed with skill)
adīna-vādinaḥof the dignified speaker
adīna-vādinaḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootadīna (प्रातिपदिक) + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (अदीनः वादी = dignified speaker)
kapeḥof the monkey (Hanuman)
kapeḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootkapi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन
niśamyahaving heard
niśamya:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial to main verb)
TypeVerb
Root√śam (धातु) with नि- उपसर्ग; ल्यबन्त (absolutive)
Formक्त्वान्त/ल्यबन्त अव्ययकृदन्त (Gerund/Absolutive): ‘having heard/listened’
apratimaḥunequalled
apratimaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of saḥ=daśānanaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roota-pratima (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-समास/निषेध (unmatched)
apriyamunpleasant
apriyam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of vacaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Roota-priya (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; नञ्-प्रत्यय (unpleasant)
vacaḥwords/speech
vacaḥ:
Karma (कर्म/Object of niśamya)
TypeNoun
Rootvacas (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
daśānanaḥthe ten-headed one (Ravana)
daśānanaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootdaśa-ānana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; बहुव्रीहि (दश आननानि यस्य सः = ten-faced)
kopa-vivṛtta-locanaḥwith eyes rolling in anger
kopa-vivṛtta-locanaḥ:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Qualifier of daśānanaḥ)
TypeAdjective
Rootkopa (प्रातिपदिक) + vivṛtta (कृदन्त, √vṛt) + locana (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुष (कोपेन विवृत्ते लोचने यस्य = whose eyes are rolling due to anger)
samādiśatordered
samādiśat:
Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-√diś (धातु)
Formलङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
tasyaof him (that one)
tasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/सर्वलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive), एकवचन; सर्वनाम
vadhamkilling/slaying
vadham:
Karma (कर्म/Object of samādiśat)
TypeNoun
Rootvadha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
mahākapeḥof the great monkey (Hanuman)
mahākapeḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootmahā (प्रातिपदिक) + kapi (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; कर्मधारय (महान् कपिः = great monkey)

The ten-headed Ravana who was of matchless strength, hearing the unpleasant words of advice and warning expressed skilfully with dignity by the great Hanuman, enraged Ravana, his eyes rolling in anger ordered the execution of Hanuman.ityārṣē śrīmadrāmāyaṇē vālmīkīya ādikāvyē sundarakāṇḍē ēkapañcāśassargaḥ৷৷Thus ends the fiftyfirst sarga of Sundarakanda of the holy Ramayana, the first epic composed by sage Valmiki.

R
Rāvaṇa (Daśānana)
H
Hanumān

FAQs

Rejecting truthful counsel due to anger leads to adharma: Rāvaṇa responds to moral warning not with reflection but with violent command, illustrating how krodha corrupts judgment.

After Hanumān’s admonition in the court, Rāvaṇa becomes enraged and orders Hanumān’s death.

Hanumān’s adīnatā (fearlessness) and dignified speech; in contrast, Rāvaṇa’s vice—anger-driven misuse of authority—is highlighted.