Ramayana — Sundara Kanda, Sarga 37, Shloka 63

हनूमत्सीतासंवादः

Hanuman’s Offer of Rescue and Sita’s Dharmic Refusal

Devanagari script

श्रुता हि दृष्टाश्च मया पराक्रमा महात्मनस्तस्य रणावमर्दिनः।न देवगन्धर्वभुजङ्गराक्षसा भवन्ति रामेण समा हि संयुगे।।।।

Transliteration

śrutā hi dṛṣṭāś ca mayā parākramā mahātmanas tasya raṇāvamardinaḥ | na deva-gandharva-bhujaṅga-rākṣasā bhavanti rāmeṇa samā hi saṃyuge ||

Translation

Ich habe von den Heldentaten jenes Großherzigen, des Feindzermalmers, gehört und sie selbst gesehen; im Kampf sind weder Devas noch Gandharvas, weder Nāgas noch Rākṣasas wahrhaft Rāma ebenbürtig.

Word by Word

• śrutāḥ: heard
• śrutāḥ: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śru (धातु) + ta (क्त/कृदन्त)
• Form: Kta-participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with parākramāḥ

• hi: indeed
• hi: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphasis

• dṛṣṭāḥ: seen
• dṛṣṭāḥ: Karta-guṇa (कर्तृगुण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dṛś (धातु) + ta (क्त/कृदन्त)
• Form: Kta-participle; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; agrees with parākramāḥ

• ca: and
• ca: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction

• mayā: by me
• mayā: Kartṛ/Agent of passive (कर्ता in passive; करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• parākramāḥ: valorous deeds
• parākramāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: parākrama (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• mahātmanaḥ: of the great-souled
• mahātmanaḥ: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: mahātman (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Karmadhāraya: mahā + ātman; Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; qualifies tasya

• tasya: of him
• tasya: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana

• raṇa-avamardinaḥ: of the battle-crusher
• raṇa-avamardinaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदik) + avamardin (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa: raṇa-avamardin = "crusher in battle"; Puṃliṅga, Ṣaṣṭhī, Ekavacana; epithet qualifying tasya

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: Negation particle

• deva-gandharva-bhujaṅga-rākṣasāḥ: gods, gandharvas, serpents, and demons
• deva-gandharva-bhujaṅga-rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदik) + gandharva (प्रातिपदik) + bhujaṅga (प्रातिपदik) + rākṣasa (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Dvandva (copulative): "gods, gandharvas, nāgas, rākṣasas"; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• bhavanti: are; become
• bhavanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (धातु)
• Form: Laṭ (Present), Prathama-puruṣa, Bahuvacana, Parasmaipada

• rāmeṇa: with Rama
• rāmeṇa: Tulanā/Instrument (तुलना/करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Ekavacana

• samāḥ: equal
• samāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Predicate)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sama (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; predicate adjective to devagandharva...

• hi: indeed
• hi: Discourse particle (निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; emphasis

• saṃyuge: in battle
• saṃyuge: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saṃyuga (प्रातिपदik)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Saptamī, Ekavacana

Context

"I have seen and heard about Rama's conquest of enemies and his valiant deeds in war. Indeed, gods gandharvas, nagas or even demons cannot match him in war.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāma
• Devas
• Gandharvas
• rākṣasas

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma affirms the protective power of righteousness: Sītā grounds hope in the proven, truth-tested strength of a dharmic hero.

What is the narrative situation?

Sītā reassures Hanumān by recalling Rāma’s known and witnessed prowess, asserting his unmatched capacity to defeat adharma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s vīrya (valor) and steadfastness in righteous battle.