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Shloka 10

सुन्‍दरकाण्डे एकत्रिंशः सर्गः

Hanuman’s Sweet Address to Sita and Sita’s Recognition

Devanagari script

जनस्थानवधं श्रुत्वा हतौ च खरदूषणौ।ततस्त्वमर्षापहृता जानकी रावणेन तु।।।।वञ्चयित्वा वने रामं मृगरूपेण मायया।

Transliteration

janasthānavadhaṃ śrutvā hatau ca kharadūṣaṇau |

tatas tvam amarṣāpahṛtā jānakī rāvaṇena tu ||

vañcayitvā vane rāmaṃ mṛgarūpeṇa māyayā |

Translation

Als er vom Blutbad in Janasthāna und vom Tod Khara und Dūṣaṇas hörte, entbrannte Rāvaṇa in Zorn; nachdem er Rāma im Wald durch eine Täuschung in Hirschgestalt betrogen hatte, raubte er dich, o Jānakī.

Word by Word
जनस्थान-वधम्the slaughter at Janasthana
जनस्थान-वधम्:
कर्म (Object of śrutvā)
TypeNoun
Rootजनस्थान (प्रातिपदिक) + वध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (जनस्थाने वधः)
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√श्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; पूर्वक्रिया (having heard)
हतौ(both) slain
हतौ:
क्रिया (Predicate participle)
TypeVerb
Root√हन् (धातु)
Formकृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय; प्रथमा-द्विवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; 'killed' (agreeing with kharadūṣaṇau)
चand
च:
समुच्चय (Coordination)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
खर-दूषणौKhara and Dushana
खर-दूषणौ:
कर्ता (Subject of 'hatौ')
TypeNoun
Rootखर (प्रातिपदिक/नाम) + दूषण (प्रातिपदिक/नाम)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; द्वन्द्व-समास (खरश्च दूषणश्च)
ततःthen
ततः:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
Formकालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb: then/thereupon)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
कर्ता (Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; द्वितीयपुरुष-सर्वनाम
अमर्ष-अपहृताwere abducted in anger
अमर्ष-अपहृता:
क्रिया (Predicate participle)
TypeVerb
Rootअमर्ष (प्रातिपदिक) + अपहृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त: अप-√हृ (धातु) क्त-प्रत्यय; प्रथमा, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (अमर्षेण अपहृता = abducted out of anger)
जानकीJanaki (Sita)
जानकी:
कर्ता (Subject; apposition to tvam)
TypeNoun
Rootजानकी (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग
रावणेनby Ravana
रावणेन:
कर्ता (Agent in passive/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootरावण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग; कर्तृकरणे (agent in passive)
तुindeed/but
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विरोध/विशेषार्थक-निपात (but/indeed)
वञ्चयित्वाhaving deceived
वञ्चयित्वा:
क्रियाविशेषण (Prior action)
TypeVerb
Root√वञ्च् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/gerund), अव्ययभाव; 'having deceived'
वनेin the forest
वने:
अधिकरण (Location)
TypeNoun
Rootवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग
रामम्Rama
रामम्:
कर्म (Object of vañcayitvā)
TypeNoun
Rootराम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, पुंलिङ्ग
मृग-रूपेणin the form of a deer
मृग-रूपेण:
करण (Means/guise)
TypeNoun
Rootमृग (प्रातिपदिक) + रूप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; तत्पुरुष-समास (मृगस्य रूपम्)
माययाby illusion
मायया:
करण (Means)
TypeNoun
Rootमाया (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतृतीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग
Context

After deliberating in several ways the great Hanuman spoke these sweet words to Vaidehi:

Characters & Entities
J
Jana-sthāna
K
Khara
D
Dūṣaṇa
R
Rāvaṇa
R
Rāma
J
Jānakī (Sītā)
M
māyā (illusion)
M
mṛga (deer form)

FAQs

Adharma is marked by deceit and rage: Rāvaṇa’s abduction is framed as arising from amarṣa (resentful anger) and accomplished through māyā (deception), opposed to satya and dharma.

Hanumān recounts to Sītā the causal chain leading to her abduction: the Jana-sthāna battle, Rāvaṇa’s anger, the deer-illusion, and the kidnapping.

Hanumān’s fidelity to truth and clarity: he narrates events accurately to build trust and orient Sītā within the larger moral narrative.

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