Shloka 11

सम्पातिदर्शनम् (Encounter with Sampāti)

Angada’s Lament and the Vulture-King’s Response

Devanagari script

अन्योऽन्यमुपकुर्वन्ति स्नेहकारुण्ययन्त्रिताः।तेन तस्योपकारार्थं त्यजताऽत्मानमात्मना।।।।

Transliteration

anyo 'nyam upakurvanti sneha-kāruṇya-yantritāḥ |

tena tasyopakārārthaṃ tyajatā 'tmānam ātmanā ||

Translation

Von Zuneigung und Mitgefühl gebunden, helfen Wesen einander. So gab er (Jatāyu) um Rāmas willen, aus eigenem Entschluss, sein eigenes Leben dahin.

Word by Word

• अन्यः: one (person)
• अन्यः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject: each one)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), एकवचन (Singular); here distributive with 'anyam'

• अन्यम्: another
• अन्यम्: Karma (कर्म/Object: another)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular); reciprocal sense with previous

• उपकुर्वन्ति: help / do service
• उपकुर्वन्ति: Kriyā (क्रिया/Main verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-कृ (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन (Plural), परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)

• स्नेहकारुण्ययन्त्रिताः: impelled by affection and compassion
• स्नेहकारुण्ययन्त्रिताः: Visheshana (विशेषण/of subject)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: स्नेह (प्रातिपदिक) + कारुण्य (प्रातिपदिक) + यन्त्रित (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); तत्पुरुष (स्नेह-कारुण्याभ्यां यन्त्रिताः = constrained/impelled by affection and compassion)

• तेन: therefore / by him
• तेन: Hetu (हेतु/Cause)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Masc./Neut.), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); "by him/therefore"

• तस्य: of him (Rama)
• तस्य: Shashthi-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/Generic), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular)

• उपकारार्थम्: for (his) benefit / for helping
• उपकारार्थम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन/Purpose)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपकार (प्रातिपदिक) + अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular); प्रयोजनार्थे द्वितीया (accusative of purpose): "for the sake of helping"

• त्यजता: by giving up
• त्यजता: Karana (करण/Means)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular); "by (one) giving up"

• आत्मानम्: self / life
• आत्मानम्: Karma (कर्म/Object of tyaj-)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative, 2nd), एकवचन (Singular)

• आत्मना: by oneself
• आत्मना: Karana (करण/Instrument; reflexive emphasis)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

Context

'Bound by friendship and compassion each one helps the other. In fact, Jatayu did this by giving up his life on his own, for the sake of Rama.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Jaṭāyu

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is expressed as compassionate reciprocity: true friendship acts for another’s good even at personal cost, as exemplified by Jaṭāyu’s voluntary self-sacrifice.

What is the narrative situation?

In their despair, the Vanaras recall Jaṭāyu’s death while protecting Sītā, framing it as the highest form of help rendered to Rāma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Kāruṇya (compassion) and sneha (loyal affection) culminating in tyāga (sacrifice).