Shloka 23

सुग्रीवस्य वैरानुकथनम्

Sugriva’s Account of Enmity and Appeal to Rama

Devanagari script

विक्रोशमानस्य तु मे सुग्रीवेति पुनः पुनः।यदा प्रतिवचो नास्ति ततोऽहं भृशदुःखितः।।

Transliteration

vikrośamānasya tu me sugrīveti punaḥ punaḥ | yadā prativaco nāsti tato ’haṃ bhṛśa-duḥkhitaḥ ||

Translation

Als ich immer wieder „Sugrīva!“ rief und keine Antwort zurückkam, war ich von Kummer überwältigt.

Word by Word

• विक्रोशमानस्य: of (me) crying out
• विक्रोशमानस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-क्रुश् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कृदन्त (present participle, शानच्/आन); पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी, एकवचन; सम्बन्धे (of me shouting)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात

• मे: of me/my
• मे: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; षष्ठी/चतुर्थी, एकवचन (here genitive: 'of me')

• सुग्रीव: O Sugriva
• सुग्रीव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सुग्रीव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (vocative), एकवचन

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; वाक्यपरिसमाप्ति/उद्धरणसूचक (quotative particle)

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; काल/आवृत्ति-वाचक क्रियाविशेषण

• पुनः: again
• पुनः: Adverbial (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; आवृत्ति-वाचक

• यदा: when
• यदा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; कालवाचक सम्बन्ध (when)

• प्रतिवचः: reply/response
• प्रतिवचः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रतिवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• न: not
• न: Negation (निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निषेध (negation)

• अस्ति: is/exists
• अस्ति: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• ततः: then/therefore
• ततः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; तस्मात्-अर्थे (therefore/then)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भृशदुःखितः: deeply sorrowful
• भृशदुःखितः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भृश-दुःखित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (भृशं दुःखितः); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (of अहम्)

Context

'When there was no response from Sugriva to my repeated call in distress I was verysad.

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• Sugrīva
• cave

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma in family relations includes responsiveness and support; the absence of reply symbolizes a rupture of obligation between brothers.

What is the narrative situation?

Trapped by the blocked entrance, Vāli repeatedly calls for Sugrīva but hears no answer.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Emotional honesty—Vāli openly acknowledges grief born from perceived abandonment.