Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 44

Rules of Edible and Inedible Foods

तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन मद्यं नित्यं विवर्जयेत् । पीत्वा पतति कर्म्मभ्यस्त्वसंभाष्यो भवेद्द्विजः

tasmātsarvaprayatnena madyaṃ nityaṃ vivarjayet | pītvā patati karmmabhyastvasaṃbhāṣyo bhaveddvijaḥ

Darum soll man sich mit allem Eifer stets des berauschenden Trankes enthalten. Wer ihn trinkt, der Zweimalgeborene, fällt von seinen vorgeschriebenen Pflichten ab und wird unwürdig, angesprochen zu werden.

तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya); तस्मात् = ‘therefore/from that (reason)’ (ablatival adverbial usage)
सर्व-प्रयत्नेनwith every effort
सर्व-प्रयत्नेन:
Karana (करण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्व (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रयत्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; ‘with all effort’ (instrumental of manner)
मद्यम्liquor, intoxicant
मद्यम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootमद्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (Avyaya); क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)
विवर्जयेत्should avoid
विवर्जयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवि√वृज्/वर्ज् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; causative sense not intended; ‘should avoid’
पीत्वाhaving drunk
पीत्वा:
Purvakala-kriya (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपा (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) from √पा; ‘having drunk’
पततिfalls (from status)
पतति:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootपत् (धातु)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
कर्मभ्यःfrom (ritual) duties
कर्मभ्यः:
Apadana (अपादान)
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th/अपादान), बहुवचन; ‘from (ritual) acts/duties’
तुbut/indeed
तु:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/वाक्यसम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात (particle)
असंभाष्यःunspeakable-to, to be shunned in speech
असंभाष्यः:
Karta-pratipatti (कर्तृ-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-सम्√भाष् (धातु) → असंभाष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकृदन्त (यत्/ण्यत्-प्रत्ययार्थक adjectival formation), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘not to be spoken to’
भवेत्would become/should be
भवेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
द्विजःa twice-born (Brahmin)
द्विजः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootद्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन

Unspecified (narratorial/teaching voice within Svarga-khaṇḍa context)

Concept: Intoxicants destroy adhikāra (eligibility) for Vedic duty and degrade the dvija from prescribed conduct.

Application: Adopt a clear personal vow to abstain from intoxicants; choose sāttvika habits that support japa, pūjā, and ethical speech.

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A learned brāhmaṇa stands at a temple threshold, turning away from a gleaming cup of liquor offered by shadowy figures. Behind him, a serene Viṣṇu shrine with lamp-flames and tulasī in the courtyard symbolizes regained purity, while a faint, smoky abyss hints at spiritual downfall.","primary_figures":["brāhmaṇa (dvija)","temple priest/ācārya figure","symbolic presence of Lord Viṣṇu (shrine icon)"],"setting":"Temple entrance with a tulasī-vṛndāvana, stone steps, and a small yajña-kuṇḍa nearby; the rejected intoxicant placed on a low tray at the edge of the scene.","lighting_mood":"temple lamp-lit","color_palette":["deep indigo","lamp-gold","tulasī green","stone gray","warning crimson"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: a South Indian Viṣṇu shrine with gold-leaf halo around the sanctum doorway, a dvija in white dhotī refusing a jeweled cup of surā, tulasī-vṛndāvana in the foreground, rich reds and greens, ornate pillars, gem-studded ornaments, strong moral symbolism with a faint dark underworld vignette at the border.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: delicate brushwork showing a dvija at a small hillside temple courtyard, cool twilight blues, refined facial features, a rejected cup near the threshold, tulasī plant glowing softly, distant clouds forming a subtle ominous shape, lyrical naturalism and moral restraint theme.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold black outlines, natural pigments, temple wall aesthetic—dvija in pristine white, a stylized Viṣṇu icon in the sanctum, tulasī-vṛndāvana, the intoxicant rendered as a dark red vessel, characteristic large eyes and rhythmic ornamentation, red/yellow/green palette with lamp-gold highlights.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: courtyard with lotus motifs and floral borders, central tulasī-vṛndāvana, a small Viṣṇu shrine, the dvija turning away from a dark cup, peacocks and cows at the margins symbolizing sāttvika life, deep blues and gold with intricate vine patterns."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["temple bells","conch shell","low drum pulse","brief silence after the warning"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तस्मात् + सर्वप्रयत्नेन → तस्मात्सर्वप्रयत्नेन; कर्मभ्यः + तु + असंभाष्यः → कर्म्मभ्यस्त्वसंभाष्यः; भवेत् + द्विजः → भवेद्द्विजः

FAQs

It enjoins constant abstinence from intoxicants and warns that drinking causes a fall from dharmic duties and social/religious standing.

Dvija (“twice-born”) refers to the traditionally initiated social orders (Brāhmaṇa, Kṣatriya, Vaiśya), emphasizing stricter discipline expected after sacred initiation.

It indicates social and ritual censure: the person becomes someone with whom the community should not engage in normal conversation/association due to misconduct.