Previous Verse

Shloka 108

Narmadā

Revā) Tīrtha Greatness: The Gandharva Maidens’ Curse Narrative (Acchodā Episode Begins

अतऊर्ध्वं पिशाचास्ते आहारार्थं सुदुःखिताः । इतस्ततश्च धावंतो वसंति सरसस्तटे

ataūrdhvaṃ piśācāste āhārārthaṃ suduḥkhitāḥ | itastataśca dhāvaṃto vasaṃti sarasastaṭe

Von da an laufen jene Piśācas, von Hunger und großem Elend gequält, hierhin und dorthin auf der Suche nach Nahrung und wohnen am Ufer des Sees.

ataḥtherefore, hence
ataḥ:
Sambandha (Logical connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (निपात/अवधारणार्थ-कारणार्थ); ‘अतः’ = ‘तस्मात्/अस्मात् कारणात्’ (therefore/from that)
ūrdhvamupwards, above
ūrdhvam:
Adhikarana (Adverbial locus/अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootūrdhva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण); दिशावाचक—‘ऊर्ध्वम्’ (upwards/above)
piśācāḥpiśācas, goblins
piśācāḥ:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpiśāca (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन (plural)
tethose (they)
te:
Karta (Apposition/कर्ता-समानाधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)
āhāra-arthamfor food, for the sake of sustenance
āhāra-artham:
Prayojana (Purpose/प्रयोजन)
TypeNoun
Rootāhāra (प्रातिपदिक) + artha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी/चतुर्थी-समर्थ: ‘आहारस्य/आहाराय अर्थः’); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणार्थे (for the purpose of)
su-duḥkhitāḥvery distressed
su-duḥkhitāḥ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्ता-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + duḥkhita (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक; √duḥkh/दुःख् भावे)
Formविशेषण; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), बहुवचन; ‘सु’ उपसर्गेण तीव्रता (very)
itaḥfrom here
itaḥ:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootitas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (दिशावाचक/अपादानार्थ); ‘इतः’ = ‘अस्मात् स्थानात्’ (from here)
tataḥfrom there
tataḥ:
Apadana (Source/अपादान)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatas (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (दिशावाचक/अपादानार्थ); ‘ततः’ = ‘तस्मात् स्थानात्’ (from there)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (समुच्चयबोधक-संबन्धक; conjunction)
dhāvantaḥrunning
dhāvantaḥ:
Karta (Agent in participial clause/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Root√dhāv (धाव् गतौ)
Formवर्तमान-कृदन्त (शतृ/शतृप्रत्यय; present active participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
vasantithey dwell, live
vasanti:
Kriya (Main action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√vas (वस् निवासे)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद; प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), बहुवचन
sarasaḥof the lake
sarasaḥ:
Sambandha (Genitive relation/सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootsarasa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन (genitive singular)
taṭeon the bank
taṭe:
Adhikarana (Location/अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Roottaṭa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), एकवचन (locative singular)

Unspecified narrator (contextual Purāṇic narration; exact dialogue pair not provided in the input).

Concept: Unwholesome karma can lead to restless, hungry states of existence; suffering expresses itself as perpetual seeking without satisfaction.

Application: Notice compulsive ‘running here and there’ in one’s own mind; cultivate regulated living, charity, and devotional practices that transform craving into purposeful desire for the good.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Type: river

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"Gaunt piśācas sprint along a dark lake’s edge, their limbs elongated, eyes fixed on imagined food that vanishes like mirage. Reeds shiver as they pass; the water reflects them distorted, suggesting their fractured identity and the instability of their state.","primary_figures":["Piśācas"],"setting":"Lakebank with dense reeds, muddy shore, scattered remnants of offerings, distant cremation smoke on the horizon.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["midnight blue","mud brown","phosphor green","silver gray","dull crimson"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dynamic procession of piśācas running along a stylized lakebank, embossed gold-leaf ripples on dark water, heavy ornamental borders, dramatic diagonals, jewel-like highlights used to depict eerie reflections and karmic agitation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: a nocturnal lakeside with delicate reeds and subtle gradients; thin spectral figures in motion, mirrored distortions in water, cool palette with restrained crimson accents, refined storytelling through landscape rhythm.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and rhythmic repetition of running figures; flat midnight-blue lake with silver-white highlights, green reeds, red-ochre ground, strong narrative clarity like a temple panel warning against adharma.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: circular border of reeds and dark lotuses framing a restless chase along the shore; deep indigo cloth, intricate gold patterning on water, stylized birds as omens, devotional textile complexity turned into a moral allegory."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"fast-dramatic","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["rushing footsteps","rustling reeds","low water lapping","distant owl call"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: अतऊर्ध्वम् = अतः + ऊर्ध्वम्; पिशाचास्ते = पिशाचाः + ते; इतस्ततश्च = इतः + ततः + च; धावंतो = धावन्तः; सरसस्तटे = सरसः + तटे

P
Piśāca

FAQs

Piśācas are portrayed in Purāṇic literature as troubled, restless beings associated with impurity and suffering; here they are shown as afflicted by hunger and compelled to wander for sustenance.

It depicts miserable beings running in different directions seeking food, ultimately dwelling on the shore of a lake—an image emphasizing restless deprivation.

The verse underscores the theme of suffering born of want and restlessness, implying that harmful or unwholesome modes of life culminate in distress rather than peace.