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Shloka 90

The Arkāṅga Saptamī (Bhāskara Saptamī) Vow: Origin of Sūrya, Pacification of Rays, and Māgha Saptamī Observance

अर्काग्रं शुचिगोमयं सुमरिचं तोयं फलं चाश्नुते । मूलं नक्तमुपोषणं च विधिवत्कृत्वैकभक्तं तथा । क्षीरं वाप्यशनं घृताक्तमिति च प्रोक्ताः क्रमेणामुना । कृत्वा वासरसप्तमीं दिनकृतः प्राप्नोत्यभीष्टं फलं

arkāgraṃ śucigomayaṃ sumaricaṃ toyaṃ phalaṃ cāśnute | mūlaṃ naktamupoṣaṇaṃ ca vidhivatkṛtvaikabhaktaṃ tathā | kṣīraṃ vāpyaśanaṃ ghṛtāktamiti ca proktāḥ krameṇāmunā | kṛtvā vāsarasaptamīṃ dinakṛtaḥ prāpnotyabhīṣṭaṃ phalaṃ

Er soll der Reihe nach zu sich nehmen: Arka-Blätter, reinen Kuhdung, guten schwarzen Pfeffer, Wasser und eine Frucht; dann Wurzeln; dann das nakta‑Fasten; danach, vorschriftsgemäß, nur eine Mahlzeit am Tag; dann von Milch leben; und schließlich Speise, mit Ghee bestrichen—so ist es stufenweise gelehrt. Wer so die Sonntags‑Saptamī einhält, erlangt vom Sonnengott die ersehnte Frucht.

arkāgramarka-tip
arkāgram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootarka (प्रातिपदिक) + agra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: arkasyāgram (tip of arka plant)
śuci-gomayampure cow-dung
śuci-gomayam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśuci (प्रातिपदिक) + gomaya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; कर्मधारय: śuci gomayam (pure cow-dung)
su-maricamgood pepper
su-maricam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootsu (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + marica (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; karmadhāraya sense: good/selected pepper
toyamwater
toyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottoya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
phalamfruit
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
aśnuteeats/consumes
aśnute:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Root√aś (धातु)
FormPresent/लट्, Ātmanepada; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
mūlamroot
mūlam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootmūla (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
naktamnight-meal (only)
naktam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootnakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (night-meal observance)
upoṣaṇamfasting
upoṣaṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootupoṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
vidhi-vataccording to rule
vidhi-vat:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvidhi (प्रातिपदिक) + vat (तद्धित)
FormAdverb (क्रियाविशेषण), formed with -वत्; meaning 'according to rule'
kṛtvāhaving done/observed
kṛtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√kṛ (धातु) + tvā (कृत्)
FormAbsolutive/क्त्वान्त (gerund); avyaya; prior action
eka-bhaktamsingle meal
eka-bhaktam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rooteka (प्रातिपदिक) + bhakta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; single-meal observance
tathālikewise
tathā:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottathā (अव्यय)
FormAdverb/particle
kṣīrammilk
kṣīram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkṣīra (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
FormDisjunctive particle (विकल्प)
apialso
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
FormParticle (समुच्चय/अपि = also/even)
aśanamfood/eating
aśanam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootaśana (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
ghṛta-aktamsmeared with ghee
ghṛta-aktam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootghṛta (प्रातिपदिक) + akta (प्रातिपदिक; from √añj/√añj? 'smeared')
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: ghṛtena aktam (smeared with ghee)
itithus
iti:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootiti (अव्यय)
FormQuotative particle (इति-प्रयोग)
caand
ca:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootca (अव्यय)
FormConjunction (समुच्चय)
proktāḥare stated
proktāḥ:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (विधेय)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra√vac (धातु) + ta (कृत्)
FormPast passive participle (क्त/ktá); Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural; predicative (these are said)
krameṇain order/ क्रमशः
krameṇa:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootkrama (प्रातिपदिक)
FormInstrumental used adverbially; Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
amunāby this (method)
amunā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootadas (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
FormPronoun; Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular
kṛtvāhaving performed
kṛtvā:
Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (पूर्वक्रिया)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√kṛ (धातु) + tvā (कृत्)
FormAbsolutive/क्त्वान्त; avyaya
vāsara-saptamīmthe Vāsara-saptamī observance
vāsara-saptamīm:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvāsara (प्रातिपदिक) + saptamī (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; tatpuruṣa: vāsarasaptamī (Sunday Saptamī / Saptamī connected with day)
dina-kṛtaḥthe Sun
dina-kṛtaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootdina (प्रातिपदिक) + kṛt (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; tatpuruṣa: dinaṃ karoti (sun)
prāpnotiattains/grants
prāpnoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootpra√āp (धातु)
FormPresent/लट्, Parasmaipada; 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular
abhīṣṭamdesired
abhīṣṭam:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootabhīṣṭa (प्रातिपदिक; from abhi√iṣ 'desired')
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying phalam
phalamfruit/result
phalam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootphala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (instructional narration within the Adhyaya).

Concept: A vow is a structured ascent: graded foods and restraints cultivate self-mastery and focus, culminating in divine favor.

Application: Use ‘step protocols’ for difficult disciplines (diet, speech, digital fasting): define stages, keep measures, and track completion criteria.

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A ritual table displays the vow’s sequence like a sacred still-life: arka leaves, a small purified cow-dung pellet, a single glossy peppercorn, a copper cup of water, and a ripe fruit glistening with ghee. Behind them, the devotee sits facing a radiant Sun-disc, suggesting that even minute acts—done in order—become a ladder to blessing.","primary_figures":["a vrata-observer","Sūrya (solar disc or deity form)"],"setting":"Clean altar space with copper vessels, a small lamp, and neatly arranged offerings labeled by order; open sky visible beyond.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["sun gold","copper","ivory","leaf green","black pepper brown"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: close-up altar still-life with embossed gold leaf sun rays; devotee in profile offering arghya; rich crimson backdrop, emerald borders, gem-like highlights on copper vessels, traditional iconography of Sūrya above.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: refined still-life arrangement on a low wooden platform; soft morning light; delicate textures of leaf, pepper, and ghee; distant pale sun over hills; subtle inscriptions marking the sequence.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: stylized offerings with bold outlines; Sūrya in a circular halo; flat pigments and decorative borders; strong ochre and red with green accents; temple-wall austerity.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: central golden sun-maṇḍala with lotus border; offerings arranged symmetrically below; intricate floral creepers, peacocks at corners; deep indigo ground with gold detailing."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["conch shell","temple bells","soft drum (mridang)","wind through leaves"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: cāśnute = ca + aśnute; naktam-upoṣaṇam = naktam + upoṣaṇam; vāpyaśanam = vā + api + aśanam; prāpnoty-abhīṣṭam = prāpnoti + abhīṣṭam.

S
Sūrya (Dinakṛt)

FAQs

It prescribes a step-by-step dietary and fasting regimen to observe Vāsara-Saptamī (Saptamī tithi falling on Sunday) as a Sun-related vrata.

The verse states that the Sun (Dinakṛt) grants the observer the desired result (abhīṣṭa-phala) when the vow is performed in the prescribed order.

It emphasizes disciplined, rule-based observance (vidhivat) and gradual restraint as a means to align one’s practice with a devotional vow and obtain its intended spiritual or worldly fruit.