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Shloka 162

Umā’s Austerity, Kauśikī’s Manifestation, and Skanda’s Birth Leading to Tāraka’s Defeat

हिरण्यकशिपुश्चोग्रो ह्यवध्यो देवतागणैः । यज्ञघ्नः पापकर्मा वै येन ब्रह्मापि तापितः

hiraṇyakaśipuścogro hyavadhyo devatāgaṇaiḥ | yajñaghnaḥ pāpakarmā vai yena brahmāpi tāpitaḥ

Hiraṇyakaśipu, von grimmiger Natur, war für die Scharen der Götter unverwundbar. Als Zerstörer der Opfer (yajña) und Täter sündiger Werke brachte er sogar Brahmā selbst in Bedrängnis.

हिरण्यकशिपुःHiraṇyakaśipu
हिरण्यकशिपुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootहिरण्यकशिपु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
and
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
उग्रःfierce, terrible
उग्रः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण
हिindeed
हि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle/emphasis)
अवध्यःinvulnerable, not to be slain
अवध्यः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootअवध्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण
देवतागणैःby the hosts of gods
देवतागणैः:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootदेवतागण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; समासः—देवताः + गणः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/‘group of gods’)
यज्ञघ्नःslayer of sacrifices
यज्ञघ्नः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञघ्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—यज्ञ + घ्न (‘slayer of sacrifices’, उपपद-तत्पुरुष)
पापकर्माevil-doer
पापकर्मा:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपापकर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषण; समासः—पापं कर्म यस्य/पापकर्म (कर्मधारय/‘evil-deeded’)
वैindeed
वै:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle/emphasis)
येनby whom
येन:
Karana (करण/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन; सम्बन्ध-सर्वनाम
ब्रह्माBrahmā
ब्रह्मा:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन
अपिeven, also
अपि:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle; ‘also/even’)
तापितःtormented
तापितः:
Karma (कर्म/Patient; in passive)
TypeAdjective
Rootतप् (धातु) + त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formभूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; ‘having been tormented’

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses; likely within the Pulastya–Bhīṣma dialogue framework typical of Sṛṣṭikhaṇḍa narration).

Primary Rasa: raudra

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Sandhi Resolution Notes: हिरण्यकशिपुश्चोग्रो = हिरण्यकशिपुः + च + उग्रः; ह्यवध्यो = हि + अवध्यः; ब्रह्मापि = ब्रह्मा + अपि

H
Hiraṇyakaśipu
D
Devatāgaṇa (the gods)
B
Brahmā
Y
Yajña (sacrifice)

FAQs

He is portrayed as a fierce asura who could not be slain by the gods, notorious for destroying yajñas and committing sinful acts.

Yajña symbolizes dharmic order and divine-human reciprocity; calling him “yajñaghna” highlights his role in disrupting cosmic and social harmony.

Power without righteousness becomes destructive: the verse frames Hiraṇyakaśipu’s strength as inseparable from adharma, shown by his oppression even of revered beings like Brahmā.