Shloka 94

कतमः स्यादयं लोक इति शोकमुपागतः । ददर्श चापि पुरुषं स्वपंतं पर्वतोपमम्

katamaḥ syādayaṃ loka iti śokamupāgataḥ | dadarśa cāpi puruṣaṃ svapaṃtaṃ parvatopamam

Von Kummer überwältigt, dachte er: „Was ist dies für eine Welt?“ Dann sah er auch einen Mann schlafend, einem Berge gleich.

कतमःwhich (one)?
कतमः:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootकतम (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; interrogative adjective/pronoun
स्यात्might be
स्यात्:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formविधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
अयम्this
अयम्:
Visheshya (Apposition/विशेष्य)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (प्रातिपदिक/सर्वनाम)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
लोकःworld
लोकः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Quotative/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/वाक्यपरिसमाप्त्यर्थक अव्यय (quotative)
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootशोक (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
उपागतःhaving come to / having reached
उपागतः:
Kriya (State/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootउप√गम् (धातु) → उपागत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त भूतकृदन्त (past participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1), एकवचन; कर्तरि प्रयोग (having reached/come to)
ददर्शsaw
ददर्श:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootदृश् (धातु)
Formलिट् (perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद
and
:
Sambandha (Conjunction/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय (conjunction)
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formनिपात (particle), अप्यर्थ/समुच्चय/अवधारण
पुरुषम्a man/person
पुरुषम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन
स्वपन्तम्sleeping
स्वपन्तम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वप् (धातु) → स्वपन्त् (कृदन्त, शतृ)
Formशतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकृदन्त (present active participle), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; विशेषण (पुरुषम्)
पर्वत-उपमम्mountain-like
पर्वत-उपमम्:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootपर्वत (प्रातिपदिक) + उपम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2), एकवचन; उपमान-तत्पुरुषः (पर्वतस्य उपमः = like a mountain)

Narrator (third-person description; specific dialogue speaker not explicit in this shloka alone)

Concept: In existential grief and disorientation, the seeker is guided toward the ‘puruṣa’—the deeper reality—often revealed as the Lord who contains and sustains worlds.

Application: When life feels unfamiliar or collapsing, turn toward the ‘puruṣa’ principle: stabilize with prayer, remembrance of Viṣṇu, and service; let grief become inquiry rather than despair.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A grief-stricken sage scans a strange, emptied world, whispering ‘What loka is this?’ In the distance lies a colossal sleeping figure—still as a mountain—its form both human and cosmic, suggesting a hidden divinity beneath apparent inertness.","primary_figures":["Mārkaṇḍeya","Sleeping Puruṣa (Viṣṇu implied)"],"setting":"A barren, otherworldly plain with faint remnants of earth and rock; the sleeping figure occupies the horizon like a sacred landscape.","lighting_mood":"forest dappled","color_palette":["earth umber","smoky blue","pale gold","stone gray","deep teal"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: monumental sleeping Puruṣa with a gold-leaf aura, jeweled crown and subtle śaṅkha-cakra motifs; Mārkaṇḍeya small in the foreground with hands clasped in anxious reverence; ornate arch framing the cosmic body like a temple icon, rich reds/greens and embossed gold detailing.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: lyrical wide landscape with a reclining giant figure blending into hills; delicate sage in foreground, expressive sorrow; cool mountain palette, refined facial features, soft gradients, and a quiet, uncanny stillness.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: reclining cosmic figure outlined boldly, stylized ornaments, large serene eyes closed; the sage shown with heightened emotion; background simplified into bands of color with lotus borders, temple-wall aesthetic.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: reclining divine figure suggested through patterned contours and lotus motifs; the sage at center-bottom; intricate floral borders, deep blues and gold, peacocks perched on stylized rocks, the ‘sleep’ rendered as rhythmic repeating patterns."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Desh","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["soft wind","distant conch","low drum heartbeat","echoing silence"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्यात् + अयम् → स्यादयं; शोकम् + उपागतः → शोकमुपागतः; च + अपि → चापि; पर्वत + उपमम् → पर्वतोपमम्

FAQs

The verse is in third-person narration; the explicit named speaker is not stated within this single shloka.

It conveys grief and bewilderment at the nature of the world, followed by a striking vision: a mountain-like man lying asleep.

The verse points to existential reflection—sorrow can trigger inquiry into the world’s nature, and unusual encounters may signal a larger moral or spiritual context in the surrounding narrative.